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Emergence of Grounded Compositional Language in Multi-Agent Populations

AAAI 2018 · Multi-agent systems and games › Human-AI and goal-conditioned · approach: Emergent communication in referential games · 441 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Enable verbal communicationMulti-agent policy · Grounded environment, trainphysical reward: -0.919 -> -0.332Helped
Enable verbal communicationMulti-agent policy · Grounded environment, testphysical reward: -0.920 -> -0.392Helped
Remove verbal symbol utterances while allowing agents to observe other agents' gaze (ablation)Multi-agent policy · Grounded environment with gaze observationcommunication strategyMixed
Remove verbal symbol utterances and make other agents' gaze unobservable (ablation)Multi-agent policy · Grounded environment without gaze observationcommunication strategyMixed
Remove verbal and visual observation by the goal recipient (ablation)Multi-agent policy · Grounded environment without recipient observationcommunication strategyMixed
Use a smaller maximum symbol vocabulary instead of the soft vocabulary-size penalty (ablation)Communication policy · Compositional language formationoptimization outcomeHurt
Add auxiliary goal prediction rewardMulti-agent policy · More complex environmentspolicy optimizationHelped
Train across varied tasks and environment configurationsCommunication policy · Compositional language formationcompositionalityHelped

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