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Emergent Communication of Generalizations

NeurIPS 2021 · Multi-agent systems and games › Human-AI and goal-conditioned · approach: Emergent communication in referential games · 8 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Replace single-object reference with shared-input set communicationShapeWorld agents · ShapeWorldAMI: 0.04 (0.00) -> 0.59 (0.08)Helped
Replace single-object reference with generalization communication from separate examplesShapeWorld agents · ShapeWorldAMI: 0.04 (0.00) -> 0.66 (0.07)Helped
Replace single-object reference with shared-input set communicationBirds agents · BirdsAMI: 0.05 (0.00) -> 0.17 (0.02)Helped
Replace single-object reference with generalization communication from separate examplesBirds agents · BirdsAMI: 0.05 (0.00) -> 0.26 (0.02)Helped
Communicate larger sets of targets (ablation)Setref and concept games · ShapeWorld and Birdstopographic rho: ShapeWorld setref: ρ = 0.39, p = 0.029; concept: ρ = 0.75, p < 10^{-5}; Birds setref: ρ = 0.90, p < 10^{-7}; concept: ρ Helped
Increase communication bandwidth (ablation)Reference, setref, and concept agents · ShapeWorld and BirdsaccuracyHelped
Increase communication bandwidth (ablation)Reference, setref, and concept agents · ShapeWorld and Birdsinformation-theoretic systematicityHurt
Train setref and concept agents rather than reference agentsCommunication agents · ShapeWorld and Birdsaccuracy on unseen concepts: ShapeWorld: 98 -> 87 (Setref), 98 -> 75 (Concept); Birds: 89 -> 78 (Setref), 89 -> 73 (Concept)Hurt
Train reference agents and evaluate zero-shot on setref or concept gamesReference agents · ShapeWorld and Birds, zero-shot game transferaccuracy: ShapeWorld: 56 (Setref), 50 (Concept); Birds: 64 (Setref), 56 (Concept)Hurt
Train setref agents and evaluate zero-shot on concept gamesSetref agents · ShapeWorld and Birds, zero-shot game transferaccuracy: ShapeWorld: 90; Birds: 75Mixed
Use ACRe rather than the closest-concept message baselineShapeWorld setref and concept languages · Held-out conceptsstudent accuracy: Setref: 56 (0.7) -> 65 (3.4); Concept: 56 (1.3) -> 70 (4.0)Helped
Use ACRe rather than random teacher messagesShapeWorld setref and concept languages · Held-out conceptsstudent accuracy: Setref: 50 (0.3) -> 65 (3.4); Concept: 50 (0.4) -> 70 (4.0)Helped

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