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On the Utility of Learning about Humans for Human-AI Coordination

NeurIPS 2019 · Multi-agent systems and games › Human-AI and goal-conditioned · approach: Human-AI coordination agents · 88 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Train PPO with a behavior-cloned human model instead of training only with AI partnersOvercooked collaboration agents · Proxy human across the five layoutscumulative rewardHelped
Train with self-play rather than a human behavior modelPPO collaboration agent · Proxy human across the five layoutscumulative rewardHurt
Train with population-based training among AI agents rather than a human behavior modelPBT collaboration agent · Proxy human across the five layoutscumulative rewardHurt
Train PPO with a behavior-cloned human model rather than AI-only partnersOvercooked collaboration agents · Real-human user studyaverage reward per episodeHelped
Train against the exact proxy-human model used at evaluation rather than the behavior-cloned proxy modelPPO collaboration agent · Proxy human across the five layoutscumulative rewardHelped
Plan with the exact test partner model rather than assuming an optimal joint partnerOvercooked planner · Proxy human, two planning layoutscumulative rewardHelped
Use a behavior-cloned model rather than the exact proxy model for planningOvercooked planner · Proxy human, two planning layoutscumulative rewardHurt
Use behavior cloning directly as the agent policy instead of PPO trained with a human modelOvercooked collaboration agent · Proxy human across the five layoutscumulative rewardHurt
Use behavior cloning rather than GAIL to learn the human modelHuman behavior model · Overcooked layoutshuman-model performanceHelped
Initialize PPO training in self-play, then anneal to training with the human model (ablation)PPO_BC · Overcooked layouts except Forced Coordinationcumulative rewardHelped

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