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Research map / 3D vision / Human pose estimation

Human mesh recovery from images

Recovers 3D body meshes end-to-end with pose calibration, point guidance and diffusion.

58 accepted papers at ICML, NeurIPS, ICLR, CVPR and AAAI (2018–2026) · an approach in Human pose estimation, keyword cluster “body · motion · human mesh”

State History Benchmarks Tried Baselines Checklist Preprints Who Export

Where it stands

Still moving The best reported result is still improving on 1 of 5 tracked benchmarks.

21 papers in 2023–24 and 19 in 2025–26 (at ICML, NeurIPS, ICLR, CVPR and AAAI); its share of the topic shrank, from 7.7% to 6.3%.

Open questions the data points to

What looks settled

How this is decided

A benchmark is tracked when at least four papers of this approach report their own method on the same dataset and metric in at least two different years. Its record is the best number reported up to 2024 compared with the best reported in 2025–26: still improving means at least 1% better, flat means at most 0.2% better with at least two papers from 2025–26 trying. Numbers on a different scale from the rest (a fraction among percentages) and far outliers are left out. Results come from different papers with different setups, so they are signals, not head-to-head comparisons. The share of papers is counted at ICML, NeurIPS, ICLR, CVPR and AAAI.

How it got here

2016: 0162017: 0172018: 1182019: 0192020: 0202021: 8212022: 9222023: 10232024: 11242025: 8252026: 1126

Most cited paper of each year

Earliest papers here

Benchmark records

The best number each year that beat every earlier one, among papers of this approach reporting their own method. Numbers are extracted by AI from each paper's text; check the paper before citing.

3DPW · MPJPE (lower is better)

11 papers, 2021–2025 · flat since 2024

2021: 87.82022: 81.72023: 72.92024: 43.53
20212025

3DPW · PA-MPJPE (lower is better)

10 papers, 2021–2025 · one report since 2024, not better

2021: 66.92022: 51.52023: 44.32024: 27.67
20212025

Human3.6M · MPJPE (lower is better)

8 papers, 2021–2025 · still improving

2021: 47.92023: 332025: 29.5
20212025

Human3.6M · PA-MPJPE (lower is better)

8 papers, 2021–2025 · flat since 2024

2021: 36.72023: 26.92024: 21.04
20212025

3DPW test · PA-MPJPE (mm) (lower is better)

5 papers, 2022–2025 · one report since 2024, not better

2022: 50.692023: 49.82024: 39.6
20222025

What has been tried

45 papers here report 487 measured changes (a component added, removed or swapped, compared with a baseline): helped 82%, no clear effect 4%, hurt 13%, mixed 1%. Papers mostly publish changes that helped, so "helped" is over-represented.

Ablations in recent papers

What was changedMeasured onResultEffectPaper
add TALS to HMR2.0EMDB · MPJPE99.3 -> 96.7HelpedTokenHMR: Advancing Human Mesh Recovery with a Tokenized Pose Representation (CVPR 2024 · 70 citations)
Add shape parameters β to ScoreHMRsingle-image human mesh recovery · performanceNo clear effectScore-Guided Diffusion for 3D Human Recovery (CVPR 2024 · 33 citations)
Add joint-guided local feature queries to the naive AiOS pipelineAGORA validation · PVE All (mm)HelpedAiOS: All-in-One-Stage Expressive Human Pose and Shape Estimation (CVPR 2024 · 31 citations)
Add shape descriptions during training and testingHBW · Height69 -> 62HelpedPromptHMR: Promptable Human Mesh Recovery (CVPR 2025 · 26 citations)
replace noise diffusion with vertex linear interpolation3DPW · MPVE (mm)83.2 -> 80.3HelpedPostureHMR: Posture Transformation for 3D Human Mesh Recovery (CVPR 2024 · 14 citations)
Use cosine-based variable masking instead of linear masking3DPW · PVE (mm)86.5 -> 81.6HelpedMEGA: Masked Generative Autoencoder for Human Mesh Recovery (CVPR 2025 · 11 citations)
use contact-based masking instead of no contact mapsBEHAVE · CDhuman5.13 -> 4.99HelpedJoint Reconstruction of 3D Human and Object via Contact-Based Refinement Transformer (CVPR 2024 · 11 citations)
add camera translation refinement3DPW · PA-MPJPE28.53 -> 27.67HelpedKITRO: Refining Human Mesh by 2D Clues and Kinematic-tree Rotation (CVPR 2024 · 9 citations)
add global image feature Fg and cross-attention3DPW test set · MPJPE75.9 -> 74.1HelpedScoreHypo: Probabilistic Human Mesh Estimation with Hypothesis Scoring (CVPR 2024 · 9 citations)
increase uncertainty-guided sampling from 1 to 20 iterations3DPW · MPJPE73.5 -> 67.4HelpedGenHMR: Generative Human Mesh Recovery (AAAI 2025 · 8 citations)
Use DiNOv2 instead of DAv2 as depth-estimator backboneSPEC-MTP · ETz0.154 -> 0.300HurtBLADE: Single-view Body Mesh Estimation through Accurate Depth Estimation (CVPR 2025 · 8 citations)
Discard all background tokensBEDLAM validation, Avg. · MVE (mm)56.0 -> 57.2HurtSAT-HMR: Real-Time Multi-Person 3D Mesh Estimation via Scale-Adaptive Tokens (CVPR 2025 · 8 citations)

Baseline numbers that disagree

The same baseline on the same benchmark and metric, reported more than 5% apart by different papers here. Training budgets, data splits and reimplementations differ, so state which number you compare with.

BaselineBenchmarkMetricReportedPapers
FastMETROHuman3.6M P2PA-MPJPE33.7 – 52.22 papers, e.g. CVPR 2023 and CVPR 2023
FastMETROHuman3.6M P2MPJPE33.7 – 52.22 papers, e.g. CVPR 2023 and CVPR 2023
ROMPCrowdPoseAP18.9 – 28.52 papers, e.g. CVPR 2022 and CVPR 2024
VIBE3DPW testMPJPE82 – 94.72 papers, e.g. CVPR 2021 and CVPR 2021
HMR2.03DPWMPJPE70 – 77.42 papers, e.g. AAAI 2025 and CVPR 2024
HMR2.03DPWPA-MPJPE44.5 – 47.42 papers, e.g. AAAI 2025 and CVPR 2024

What reviewers will expect

Datasets and baselines named in the 11 papers of this approach from 2025–2026 that have a full-text summary. Leaving out the common ones is a frequent review question.

Datasets

  • MPII · 6 of 11 papers
  • BEDLAM · 6 of 11 papers
  • 3DPW · 6 of 11 papers
  • Human3.6M · 5 of 11 papers
  • COCO · 4 of 11 papers
  • MPI-INF-3DHP · 4 of 11 papers
  • AMASS · 3 of 11 papers
  • InstaVariety · 3 of 11 papers

Baselines

  • HMR2.0 · 6 of 11 papers
  • CLIFF · 5 of 11 papers
  • ProHMR · 5 of 11 papers
  • TokenHMR · 4 of 11 papers
  • PARE · 3 of 11 papers
  • FastMETRO · 2 of 11 papers
  • Virtual Marker · 2 of 11 papers
  • VQ HPS · 2 of 11 papers

Recent preprints

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    Who publishes on it

    Institutions on the most papers of this approach since 2023 (of 40 papers; from OpenAlex and the papers' affiliations).

    Use it

    Download BibTeX of 37 key papersOpen the topic in the interactive map

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    Same keyword cluster

    Elsewhere in the topic

    Benchmark numbers, ablations and baseline numbers are extracted by AI from each paper's full text and can be wrong; the paper is the authority. Data: results index of 2026-11-02, citation counts from OpenAlex (2026-10-09).

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