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Convergence Analysis of Two-layer Neural Networks with ReLU Activation

NeurIPS 2017 · Optimization › Implicit bias and generalization · approach: Shallow ReLU network convergence · 270 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Add a one-layer identity mapping to a 56-layer network (ablation)Vanilla network · CIFAR-10test error: 12.04% -> 9.01%Helped
Use a standard ResNet identity mapping instead of a one-layer skip56-layer network · CIFAR-10test error: 9.01% -> 6.97%Helped
Remove identity mappings (ablation)56-layer Single skip network · CIFAR-10test error: 9.01% -> 12.04%Hurt
Use zero initialization rather than standard random initialization (ablation)5-block network with identity mappings · MNISTtest error: 1.27% -> 1.28%No clear effect
Remove identity mappings while using zero initialization (ablation)5-block network · MNISTtest errorHurt
Use weights with spectral norm 0.6 instead of W = 0f(x, W) · MNIST, classes 0 and 1training error: 7% -> 1%Helped
Use weights with spectral norm 0.6 instead of W = 0f(x, W) · MNIST, all 45 class pairsaverage training error: 34% -> 14%Helped
Initialize the network in the identity-mapping region rather than use the vanilla initialization (ablation)Two-layer student network · Gaussian teacher-student experimentdistance to optimalHelped
Use a three-block student instead of a vanilla networkTeacher-student experiment · Gaussian teacher-student experimenttraining errorHelped
Use a three-block student instead of ResLinkTeacher-student experiment · Gaussian teacher-student experimenttest errorHurt

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