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FEDformer: Frequency Enhanced Decomposed Transformer for Long-term Series Forecasting

ICML 2022 · Time series › Long-term forecasting · approach: Transformers for long-term forecasting · 548 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Use FEDformer instead of AutoformerMultivariate forecasting · Six benchmark datasets, all reported horizonsMSE: 14.8%Helped
Use FEDformer instead of AutoformerUnivariate forecasting · Six benchmark datasets, all reported horizonsMSE: 22.6%Helped
Use FEDformer-f for self-attention only, retaining AutoCorr cross-attention (ablation)FEDformer · ETTm1 and ETTm2 multivariate, 16 casesMSE: 10/16 casesMixed
Use FEDformer-f for cross-attention only, retaining AutoCorr self-attention (ablation)FEDformer · ETTm1 and ETTm2 multivariate, 16 casesMSE: 12/16 casesMixed
Use FEA-f for both self-attention and cross-attention (ablation)FEDformer · ETTm1 and ETTm2 multivariate, 16 casesMSE: 7/16 casesMixed
Use both FEB and FEA blocks instead of the Autoformer attention setup (ablation)FEDformer-f · ETTm1 and ETTm2 multivariate, 16 casesMSE: 16/16 casesHelped
Use mixture-of-experts decomposition instead of a single decomposition scheme (ablation)FEDformer · ETT and Weather datasetsimprovement: 2.96%Helped
Select Fourier modes randomly rather than keeping only the lowest-frequency modes (ablation)FEDformer-f · ETT full benchmarkMSEHelped
Use an appropriate random subset of modes rather than all modes (ablation)FEDformer-f · ETT full benchmarkMSEHelped
Use Fourier rather than wavelet basis (ablation)FEDformer · Different datasets and horizonsMSEMixed

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