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Bilevel Programming for Hyperparameter Optimization and Meta-Learning

ICML 2018 · Optimization › Optimizers · approach: Hypergradient bilevel optimization · 105 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
learn a shared representation with RN and train task-specific classifiers using bilevel training/validation splitsMiniImagenet few-shot learning · MiniImagenet 5 classes, 1-shotaccuracy: 50.54 ± 0.85 vs 55.71±0.99Mixed
use a residual network rather than C4L for the representation (ablation)Hyper-representation · MiniImagenet few-shot learningaccuracy: relative improvement of 6.5% on one-shot and 4.2% on five-shotHelped
use a bilevel representation objective with training/validation splitting rather than training-set loss (ablation)Hyper-representation-C4L · MiniImagenet 5 classes, 1-shotaccuracy: 29.63 -> 47.51Helped
include the inner optimization dynamics when computing the hypergradient (ablation)Hyper-representation-C4L · MiniImagenet 5 classes, 1-shotaccuracy: 41.12 -> 47.51Helped
use validation sets and the full hypergradient instead of training sets with an approximate hypergradient (ablation)Hyper-representation-C4L · MiniImagenet 5 classes, 1-shotaccuracy: 38.80 -> 47.51Helped
learn the shared representation bilevelly rather than jointly optimizing it with task classifiers on training losses (ablation)Hyper-representation-C4L · MiniImagenet 5 classes, 1-shotaccuracy: 40.46 -> 47.51Helped
increase inner optimization steps from 10 to 250 (ablation)Bilevel ridge regression hyperparameter optimization · Synthetic regression test setMAPE: 43.49 -> 0.50Helped
use 250 inner iterations instead of exact inner optimization (ablation)Bilevel ridge regression hyperparameter optimization · Synthetic regression test setMAPE: 0.50 vs 0.57No clear effect
use a small number of inner optimization steps as implicit regularization (ablation)Linear hyper-representation optimization · Omniglot-derived hyperparameter optimization problemtest accuracyHelped

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