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Discovering User Attribute Stylistic Differences via Paraphrasing

AAAI 2016 · Large language models › Language, safety and interpretability · approach: Bias measurement and mitigation · 35 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
add paraphrase-pair phrases to the non-paraphrase phrase set (all phrases vs. without paraphrases) (ablation)Naive Bayes age classifier · Age predictionROC AUC: 0.861 -> 0.901Helped
add paraphrase-pair phrases to the non-paraphrase phrase set (ablation)Naive Bayes gender classifier · Gender predictionROC AUC: 0.784 -> 0.765Hurt
add paraphrase-pair phrases to the non-paraphrase phrase set (ablation)Naive Bayes occupational class classifier · Occupational class predictionROC AUC: 0.870 -> 0.795Hurt
use only paraphrase phrases (stylistic proxy) instead of non-paraphrase phrases (topical proxy) (ablation)Naive Bayes user attribute classifiers · Gender predictionROC AUC: 0.784 -> 0.691Hurt
use only paraphrase phrases instead of non-paraphrase phrases (ablation)Naive Bayes user attribute classifiers · Occupational class predictionROC AUC: 0.870 -> 0.700Hurt
use only paraphrase phrases instead of non-paraphrase phrases (ablation)Naive Bayes user attribute classifiers · Age predictionROC AUC: 0.861 -> 0.742Hurt
use paraphrase-based stylistic score against random baselineuser attribute prediction · Gender, age, occupational classROC AUC: 0.5 -> 0.691 / 0.742 / 0.700Helped
apply paraphrase-based style score and compare with human ratersMTurk judgements · Gender, occupational class, ageagreement rate (%): 68.5% / 67.2% / 73.7%Helped

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