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Revisiting Evaluation Metrics for Semantic Segmentation: Optimization and Evaluation of Fine-grained Intersection over Union
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Measured effects reported in the paper
| What was changed | Where | Measured | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| Add the DeepLabV3+ feature-aggregation branch to DeepLabV3 | DeepLabV3-ResNet101 · Cityscapes | mIoU^C: 69.09±0.06 -> 70.17±0.16 | Helped |
| Replace DeepLabV3-ResNet101 with UNet-ResNet101, which aggregates multi-scale features without an extra receptive-field module | DeepLabV3-ResNet101 · Cityscapes | mIoU^C: 69.09±0.06 -> 68.78±0.09 | No clear effect |
| Use cross-entropy only instead of JML (ablation) | DeepLabV3+-ResNet101 · Cityscapes | mIoU^C: 70.18±0.16 -> 67.61±0.12 | Hurt |
| Use cross-entropy only instead of JML (ablation) | DeepLabV3+-ResNet101 · ADE20K | mIoU^C: 46.52±0.30 -> 39.66±0.13 | Hurt |
| Optimize mIoU^D only rather than the equal mIoU^I/mIoU^C objective (ablation) | DeepLabV3+-ResNet101 · Cityscapes | mIoU^D: 80.91±0.17 -> 81.22±0.27 | Helped |
| Optimize mIoU^D only rather than the equal mIoU^I/mIoU^C objective (ablation) | DeepLabV3+-ResNet101 · Cityscapes | mIoU^C: 70.18±0.16 -> 68.97±0.19 | Hurt |
| Optimize mIoU^C only rather than the equal mIoU^I/mIoU^C objective (ablation) | DeepLabV3+-ResNet101 · Cityscapes | mIoU^C: 70.18±0.16 -> 70.49±0.19 | Helped |
| Optimize mIoU^I only rather than the equal mIoU^I/mIoU^C objective (ablation) | DeepLabV3+-ResNet101 · Cityscapes | mIoU^I: 76.21±0.05 -> 76.28±0.02 | Helped |
| Use a uniform mixture of mIoU^D, mIoU^I, and mIoU^C in JML (ablation) | DeepLabV3+-ResNet101 · Cityscapes | mIoU^C: 70.18±0.16 vs 70.08±0.15 | No clear effect |
| Use a uniform mixture of mIoU^D, mIoU^I, and mIoU^C in JML (ablation) | DeepLabV3+-ResNet101 · ADE20K | mIoU^C: 46.52±0.30 vs 46.77±0.07 | No clear effect |
| Use per-image/per-class metrics instead of dataset-aggregated mIoU | Semantic segmentation evaluation · Semantic segmentation datasets | bias toward large objects | Helped |
| Evaluate performance using only average metrics instead of corresponding worst-case metrics | Semantic segmentation evaluation · PASCAL Context | mIoU^C^1: mIoU^C ranges from 46.00% to 60.17%; all models have 0% mIoU^C^1 | Mixed |
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