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Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervision

ICML 2023 · Label-efficient and robust learning › Recognition and long-tail · approach: Multilingual language representation pretraining · 1,168 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Train on broad, diverse weakly supervised audio and evaluate zero-shotWhisper · 12 out-of-distribution English speech datasetsWER: 29.3 -> 12.8Helped
Use zero-shot multilingual pretrainingWhisper · Multilingual LibriSpeech (MLS)WER: 9.7 -> 7.3Helped
Use zero-shot multilingual pretrainingWhisper · VoxPopuliWER: 8.1 -> 13.6Hurt
Train with large-scale X→English translation supervisionWhisper · CoVoST2 X→English, all languagesBLEU: 25.2 -> 29.1Helped
Use zero-shot large-scale trainingWhisper · CoVoST2 X→English, high-resourceBLEU: 38.2 -> 36.2Hurt
Use Whisper's language identification modelWhisper · Fleurslanguage identification accuracy: 77.7 -> 64.5Hurt
Add beam search to long-form decoding (ablation)Whisper · Long-form transcription, average across seven datasetsWER: 11.0 -> 10.6Helped
Add temperature fallback after beam search (ablation)Whisper · Long-form transcription, average across seven datasetsWER: 10.6 -> 10.6No clear effect
Add voice activity detection (ablation)Whisper · Long-form transcription, average across seven datasetsWER: 10.6 -> 10.2Helped
Add previous-text conditioning (ablation)Whisper · Long-form transcription, average across seven datasetsWER: 10.2 -> 10.0Helped
Constrain the initial timestamp to between 0.0 and 1.0 second (ablation)Whisper · Long-form transcription, average across seven datasetsWER: 10.0 -> 10.0No clear effect
Increase dataset size from 3,405 to 681,070 hours (ablation)Whisper Medium · English speech recognition, average over 12 datasetsWER: 30.5 -> 9.9Helped

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