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Combined Group and Exclusive Sparsity for Deep Neural Networks

ICML 2017 · Architectures and efficiency › Pruning and efficient tuning · approach: Sparse training from scratch · 116 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
add exclusive sparsity (1,2)-norm to group sparsity (combined CGES)AlexNet on ImageNet-1K · ImageNet-1Ktop-1 accuracy: CGES 58.56% vs L1 57.55% at similar params; similar or slightly worse than full networkMixed
combined group + exclusive sparsity regularizerLeNet on CIFAR-10 · CIFAR-10accuracy: +2.17% over L2 baseline with 13.72% fewer parametersHelped
combined group + exclusive sparsity regularizersimple CNN on MNIST · MNISTaccuracy: no accuracy reduction with 36.48% fewer parametersNo clear effect
combined group + exclusive sparsity regularizerWRN-16-10 on CIFAR-100 · CIFAR-100accuracy: -1.15% vs full network at 51.22% paramsHurt
replace weight decay with CGES in iterative pruning (Han et al.)iterative pruning on LeNet/CIFAR-10 and simple CNN/MNIST · CIFAR-10 and MNIST (10% params)accuracy: CIFAR-10 78.97% vs 76.37% for pruning baseline; MNIST 99.16% vs 98.71%Helped
add exclusive sparsity only (ES) at all layersAlexNet on ImageNet-1K · ImageNet-1Ktop-1 accuracy: ES 57.99% vs L2 59.89% at 60.41% params; ES 58.89% at 67.37% paramsMixed
exclusive sparsity regularization (ablation)CIFAR-10 networks · CIFAR-10 accuracy vs parameter sparsityaccuracy: improves over L2 at low sparsity but degrades as sparsity increasesMixed
group sparsity (filter-wise l2,1)CIFAR-10 CNN · CIFAR-10 accuracy vs parameter sparsityaccuracy: performs worse than l1 in general but better in certain sparsity rangesMixed
increasing exclusivity mu_l with layer depth (ES-Increasing) vs constant mu=0.5 (ES-Constant) (ablation)CIFAR-10 CNN · CIFAR-10 accuracy vs parameter sparsityaccuracy: ES-Increasing better than ES-Constant across all sparsity rangesHelped
apply exclusive sparsity to conv layers vs FC layers vs both (ablation)CIFAR-10 CNN · CIFAR-10 accuracy vs parameter sparsityaccuracy: improvements on all variants; conv-only best at low sparsity, FC-only better at high sparsityHelped
exclusive sparsity regularizer (ablation)CIFAR-10 CNN training · CIFAR-10 convergence speediterations to reach given error: reaches same error in fewer iterations than L2Helped

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