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Trans-Encoder: Unsupervised sentence-pair modelling through self- and mutual-distillations

ICLR 2022 · Label-efficient and robust learning › Recognition and long-tail · approach: Multilingual language representation pretraining · 10 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Alternate bi-encoder and cross-encoder training with pseudo-labelsSimCSE-based sentence encoders · English STS (average)Spearman's ρ: 76.21 -> 78.65Helped
Add mutual-distillation between parallel PLMsTrans-Encoder · English STS (average)Spearman's ρ: 78.65 -> 80.41Helped
Alternate bi-encoder and cross-encoder training with mutual-distillationSimCSE-BERT-base · QQPAUC: 80.38 -> 84.29Helped
Alternate bi-encoder and cross-encoder training with mutual-distillationSimCSE-BERT-base · QNLIAUC: 71.38 -> 77.11Helped
Initialize stages from original PLM weights rather than pass weights sequentially (ablation)Trans-Encoder · English STS (average)Spearman's ρ: 78.08 -> 78.65Helped
Use one bi-encoder formulation throughout instead of alternating bi- and cross-encoder formulations (ablation)SimCSE-BERT-base · English STS (average)Spearman's ρ: 77.16 vs. 78.65Hurt
Use one bi-encoder formulation throughout instead of alternating bi- and cross-encoder formulations (ablation)SimCSE-BERT-base · QNLIAUC: 70.95 vs. 75.30Hurt
Use MSE instead of BCE for bi-to-cross distillation (ablation)Trans-Encoder · Bi-to-cross distillationConvergence/generalizationHurt
Use BCE instead of MSE for cross-to-bi distillation (ablation)Trans-Encoder · Cross-to-bi distillationConvergenceHurt
Use Log-Cosh instead of MSE for cross-to-bi regression (ablation)Trans-Encoder · Cross-to-bi distillationPerformanceNo clear effect
Train on STS data and transfer to binary-classification tasksTrans-Encoder (bi) · QQP, QNLI, and MRPCAUCMixed
Train on STS data and transfer to binary-classification tasksTrans-Encoder (cross) · QQP, QNLI, and MRPCAUCHelped

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