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Unlearnable Examples: Making Personal Data Unexploitable

ICLR 2021 · Label-efficient and robust learning › Noisy labels · approach: Loss correction and noise robustness theory · 45 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Add sample-wise error-minimizing noise to training examplesResNet-18 · CIFAR-10top-1 clean test accuracy (%): 94.77 -> 19.93Helped
Add class-wise rather than sample-wise error-minimizing noiseResNet-18 trained on unlearnable examples · CIFAR-100top-1 clean test accuracy (%): 14.81 -> 3.95Helped
Use error-minimizing noise instead of clean training dataResNet-18 · SVHN, CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet subsettop-1 clean test accuracy (%): 96.02 -> 8.22; 94.77 -> 19.93; 70.96 -> 14.81; 60.42 -> 12.20Helped
Use class-wise error-minimizing noise instead of clean training dataResNet-18 · SVHN, CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet subsettop-1 clean test accuracy (%): 95.98 -> 9.05; 94.95 -> 16.42; 70.50 -> 3.95; 76.52 -> 2.70Helped
Reduce the unlearnable training-data proportion from 100% to 80% (ablation)Sample-wise or class-wise noise on ResNet-18 · CIFAR-10clean test accuracy (%): 19.93 -> 86.85; 16.42 -> 87.23Hurt
Apply error-minimizing noise to one class rather than the full dataset (ablation)CIFAR-10 ResNet-18 · CIFAR-10 bird classclass prediction accuracyHelped
Apply Mixup during training (ablation)Sample-wise error-minimizing noise · CIFAR-10clean test accuracy (%): 19.93 -> 58.51Hurt
Apply Mixup during training (ablation)Class-wise error-minimizing noise · CIFAR-10clean test accuracy (%): 16.42 -> 17.63Hurt
Restrict class-wise noise to an 8×8 patch (ablation)ResNet-18 trained on CIFAR-10 · CIFAR-10clean test accuracy (%): 16.42 -> 87.23Hurt
Restrict class-wise noise to a 16×16 patch (ablation)ResNet-18 trained on CIFAR-10 · CIFAR-10clean test accuracy (%): 16.42 -> 19.19Hurt
Increase error-minimizing noise to ε=24/255 under adversarial training (ablation)ResNet-18 · CIFAR-10clean test accuracy (%): 85% -> 79%Hurt
Use transferred class-wise error-minimizing noise generated on ImageNetResNet-18, ResNet-50, and DenseNet-121 · CIFAR-10clean test accuracy (%): around 10%Helped

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