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Bidirectional Copy-Paste for Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation
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Measured effects reported in the paper
| What was changed | Where | Measured | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| Use bidirectional labeled-unlabeled copy-paste rather than inward-only, outward-only, or within-set copy-paste (ablation) | BCP · LA and ACDC, 5% labeled | Dice: 87.35 -> 88.02; 87.32 -> 88.02; 79.67 -> 88.02; 81.68 -> 87.59; 72.19 -> 87.59; 81.80 -> 87.59 | Helped |
| Replace BCP with Mixup or FG-CutMix (ablation) | BCP · LA, 5% labeled | Dice: 41.71; 67.05 vs 88.02 | Hurt |
| Use a zero-centered mask rather than random or contact masks (ablation) | BCP · LA, 5% labeled | Dice: 86.06 -> 88.02; 86.64 -> 88.02 | Helped |
| Increase the copied region ratio from beta 1/3 toward beta 2/3 (ablation) | BCP · LA, 5% and 10% labeled | Dice: 79.92 -> 88.02; 83.20 -> 89.62 | Helped |
| Set the mask region ratio to beta 5/6 instead of beta 2/3 (ablation) | BCP · LA, 5% and 10% labeled | Dice: 88.02 -> 87.92; 89.62 -> 88.75 | Hurt |
| Increase the unlabeled-pixel loss weight alpha to 2.5 (ablation) | BCP · LA and ACDC, 5% labeled | Dice: 88.02 -> 86.56; 87.59 -> 85.43 | Hurt |
| Pretrain on labeled data with copy-paste rather than random initialization or pretraining without copy-paste (ablation) | BCP · LA, 5% labeled | Dice: 86.15 -> 88.02; 86.46 -> 88.02 | Helped |
| Add BCP to the pseudo-label self-training baseline (ablation) | BCP · ACDC, 5% labeled | Dice: 47.62 -> 83.26 | Helped |
| Add pseudo-label post-processing and copy-paste pretraining after BCP (ablation) | BCP · ACDC, 5% labeled | Dice: 83.26 -> 87.59 | Helped |
| Use BCP instead of the strongest reported baseline | V-Net / U-Net semi-supervised segmentation · LA 5% and 10%; Pancreas-NIH 20%; ACDC 5% and 10% labeled | Dice: 86.33 -> 88.02; 88.55 -> 89.62; 79.67 -> 82.91; 65.83 -> 87.59; 86.78 -> 88.84 | Helped |
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