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Understanding Adversarial Examples From the Mutual Influence of Images and Perturbations

CVPR 2020 · Adversarial robustness and security › Attacks on text and graphs · approach: Defenses against universal perturbations · 135 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Use COCO proxy images instead of original ImageNet training data to train targeted UAPsProposed targeted UAP · ImageNet test, 8 target classestargeted fooling ratio (%): ImageNet: 48.6 ± 13.3; COCO: 47.2 ± 13.1 (AlexNet); ImageNet: 75.0 ± 7.8; COCO: 75.1 ± 12.3 (VGG16)No clear effect
Use COCO proxy images to generate non-targeted UAPsProposed UAP · ImageNet testnon-targeted fooling ratio (%): 89.9 vs 89.04 (AlexNet); 76.8 vs 75.28 (GoogleNet); 92.2 vs 71.59 (VGG16); 91.6 vs 72.84 (VGG19); 79.9 vs 60.72 (ResNet1Helped
Use L^t_CL2 instead of cross-entropy loss (ablation)Proposed targeted UAP · ImageNet, target class sea liontargeted fooling ratio (%): AlexNet: 55.4 ± 1.0 -> 49.4 ± 1.2; GoogleNet: 55.2 ± 2.2 -> 58.4 ± 2.2; VGG16: 75.9 ± 0.9 -> 82.8 ± 0.7; VGG19: 70.8 ± 1Mixed
Use L^t_CL1 instead of cross-entropy loss (ablation)Proposed targeted UAP · ImageNet, target class sea liontargeted fooling ratio (%): 55.4 ± 1.0 -> 57.6 ± 1.4 (AlexNet); 55.2 ± 2.2 -> 57.9 ± 2.3 (GoogleNet); 75.9 ± 0.9 -> 80.3 ± 0.5 (VGG16); 70.8 ± 1.1 -Mixed
Use L_L instead of cross-entropy loss (ablation)Proposed targeted UAP · ImageNet, target class sea liontargeted fooling ratio (%): 55.4 ± 1.0 -> 47.1 ± 1.1 (AlexNet); 55.2 ± 2.2 -> 56.9 ± 1.1 (GoogleNet); 75.9 ± 0.9 -> 79.0 ± 0.6 (VGG16); 70.8 ± 1.1 -Helped
Use L^t_CL2 instead of L^t_CL1 (ablation)Proposed targeted UAP · ImageNet, target class sea liontargeted fooling ratio (%): 57.6 ± 1.4 -> 49.4 ± 1.2 (AlexNet); 57.9 ± 2.3 -> 58.4 ± 2.2 (GoogleNet); 80.3 ± 0.5 -> 82.8 ± 0.7 (VGG16); 75.5 ± 0.6 -Mixed
Use white images or Gaussian noise instead of proxy imagesProposed targeted UAP · Targeted UAP generationtargeted fooling ratioHurt
Use a random source dataset as proxy dataTargeted universal perturbation · ImageNet testtargeted fooling ratio: 53.4% vs 52%Helped

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