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SSN: Learning Sparse Switchable Normalization via SparsestMax

CVPR 2019 · Architectures and efficiency › RNNs and normalization · approach: Normalization layer theory · 48 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Replace SN's soft combinations with sparse one-normalizer selection using SparsestMaxResNet-50 · ImageNet validation, batch size 32top-1 accuracy (%): 76.9 -> 77.2Helped
Replace SN's soft combinations with sparse one-normalizer selection using SparsestMaxResNet-50 · ImageNet inference, batch size 32throughput (images/second): 183.509~$\pm$~0.026 -> 216.254~$\pm$~0.376Helped
Use SSN instead of SNDeepLab, ResNet-50 · ADE20K validationmIoU (%): 39.1 -> 39.3Helped
Use SSN instead of SNDeepLab, ResNet-50 · Cityscapes testmIoU (%): 75.7~\vs~75.8No clear effect
Use SSN¹, fine-tuned from ImageNet-pretrained SSN, instead of SNResNet-50 I3D · Kinetics validation, batch size 8, 32 framestop-1 accuracy (%): 73.5 -> 73.8Helped
Add GN to the normalizer set (ablation)SSN, ResNet-50 · ImageNet validation, batch size 32top-1 accuracy (%): 77.3% vs 76.8%Helped
Use the two-stage argmaxed-SN structure instead of learning sparse choices with SSN in one stage (ablation)ResNet-50 · ImageNet validationtop-1 accuracy (%): 76.8% vs 77.2%Hurt
Vary the schedule for increasing radius r so it reaches the inscribed-circle radius at different epochs (ablation)SSN, ResNet-50 · ImageNet validationtop-1 accuracy (%): 77.2$\pm$0.04%No clear effect
Use the ImageNet-pretrained SN model as the initialization for SSN² rather than the SSN initialization used for SSN¹ (ablation)ResNet-50 I3D · Kinetics validation, batch size 8, 32 framestop-1 accuracy (%): 73.8 vs 73.4Mixed

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