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Joint Character-Level Word Embedding and Adversarial Stability Training to Defend Adversarial Text

AAAI 2020 · Adversarial robustness and security › Attacks on text and graphs · approach: Defenses against universal perturbations · 35 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
replace word embedding with char embedding (CharCNN-BLSTM vs Word-BLSTM) (ablation)BLSTM classifier · AG gradient-based adversarialaccuracy (%): 53.41 -> 70.99Helped
replace word embedding with char embedding (ablation)BLSTM classifier · AG natural adversarialaccuracy (%): 82.50 -> 87.88Helped
add similarity loss Ldiff (ablation)CharCNN-BLSTM · AG gradient-based adversarialaccuracy (%): 70.99 -> 76.04Helped
add noisy-input loss Lnoisy (ablation)CharCNN-BLSTM · AG gradient-based adversarialaccuracy (%): 70.99 -> 84.44Helped
combine Ldiff and Lnoisy (full AST) versus Lnoisy alone (ablation)CharCNN-BLSTM · AG gradient-based adversarialaccuracy (%): 84.44 -> 84.34No clear effect
combine Ldiff and Lnoisy versus Lnoisy alone (ablation)CharCNN-BLSTM · AG natural adversarialaccuracy (%): 89.39 -> 89.45Helped
set alpha (Lnoisy weight) to small values (ablation)CharCNN-BLSTM-AST · AGaccuracyHurt
use CharBLSTM instead of CharCNN char embedding (ablation)BLSTM-AST · mean drop over 5 datasets, gradient-basedaccuracy drop (%): 8.51 -> 6.81Helped
char embedding with AST instead of spell correctors (ScRNN-10)Word-BLSTM · mean drop over 5 datasets, naturalaccuracy drop (%): 13.75 -> 5.17Helped

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