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Weisfeiler and Leman Go Neural: Higher-Order Graph Neural Networks

AAAI 2019 · Graph learning › GNN architectures · approach: Subgraph and distance-aware GNNs · 1,234 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
add hierarchical higher-order (2- and 3-set) GNN layers1-GNN · IMDB-BINARYaccuracy: 71.2 -> 74.2Helped
add hierarchical higher-order GNN layers1-GNN · QM9 alphaMAE: 0.78 -> 0.27Helped
add hierarchical higher-order GNN layers1-GNN · QM9 HOMOMAE: 0.00321 -> 0.00337Hurt
train GNN aggregation parameters instead of random (ablation)1-2-3-GNN · NCI1accuracy: 67.4 -> 76.2Helped
train GNN aggregation parameters instead of random (ablation)1-2-3-GNN · PROTEINSaccuracy: 75.9 -> 75.5Hurt
add extra layers to 1-GNN to match k-GNN parameter count (ablation)1-GNN · allaccuracy/MAENo clear effect
higher-order GNN vs graph kernels1-2-3-GNN · NCI1accuracy: 86.1 -> 76.2Hurt

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