Foundation models for time series: research map

409 accepted papers on Foundation models for time series in Time series, from ICML, NeurIPS, ICLR, CVPR and AAAI (2016–2026), grouped into 2 clusters and 6 approaches. The busiest year so far is 2026.

Within Time series, its share grew from 28.2% in 2023–24 to 32.3% in 2025–26 (107 → 254 papers at ICML, NeurIPS, CVPR and AAAI, the venues with data for all four years).

Explore Foundation models for time series in the interactive map

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Approaches and key papers

shot · series foundation · llm · 205 papers

Approaches in this cluster:

LLM-based time series forecasting (90 papers)
Repurpose language models for forecasting through prompting, retrieval and alignment.
Time series foundation models (71 papers)
Adapt pretrained time-series models for zero-shot forecasting with in-context tuning and adapters.
Time-series language reasoning (44 papers)
Combine time series and text for clinical reasoning and multimodal embedding.

Most cited and most cited since 2024:

One Fits All: Power General Time Series Analysis by Pretrained LM (NeurIPS 2023 · 156 citations)
GPT4MTS: Prompt-based Large Language Model for Multimodal Time-series Forecasting (AAAI 2024 · 97 citations)
TimeCMA: Towards LLM-Empowered Multivariate Time Series Forecasting via Cross-Modality Alignment (AAAI 2025 · 96 citations)
CALF: Aligning LLMs for Time Series Forecasting via Cross-modal Fine-Tuning (AAAI 2025 · 66 citations)

contrastive · classification · supervised · 204 papers