% Key papers for Hypergradient bilevel optimization (scime atlas, https://atlas.scime.ai). Authors are not included: add them from the paper pages.

@inproceedings{icml2018_bilevel_36548,
  title = {{Bilevel Programming for Hyperparameter Optimization and Meta-Learning}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)},
  year = {2018},
  url = {https://icml.cc/virtual/2018/poster/2248},
}

@inproceedings{icml2020_a_37872,
  title = {{A Generic First-Order Algorithmic Framework for Bi-Level Programming Beyond Lower-Level Singleton}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)},
  year = {2020},
  url = {https://icml.cc/virtual/2020/poster/5938},
}

@inproceedings{icml2021_bilevel_39102,
  title = {{Bilevel Optimization: Convergence Analysis and Enhanced Design}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://icml.cc/virtual/2021/poster/9473},
}

@inproceedings{iclr2019_self_29117,
  title = {{Self-Tuning Networks: Bilevel Optimization of Hyperparameters using Structured Best-Response Functions}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)},
  year = {2019},
  url = {https://iclr.cc/virtual/2019/poster/824},
}

@inproceedings{icml2020_on_38554,
  title = {{On the Iteration Complexity of Hypergradient Computation}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)},
  year = {2020},
  url = {https://icml.cc/virtual/2020/poster/6515},
}

@inproceedings{aaai2022_a_1668,
  title = {{A Fully Single Loop Algorithm for Bilevel Optimization without Hessian Inverse}},
  booktitle = {AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)},
  year = {2022},
  url = {https://aaai.org/papers/07426-a-fully-single-loop-algorithm-for-bilevel-optimization-without-hessian-inverse/},
}

@inproceedings{neurips2021_towards_62652,
  title = {{Towards Gradient-based Bilevel Optimization with Non-convex Followers and Beyond}},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://nips.cc/virtual/2021/poster/27258},
}

@inproceedings{icml2021_a_38992,
  title = {{A Value-Function-based Interior-point Method for Non-convex Bi-level Optimization}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://icml.cc/virtual/2021/poster/9581},
}

@inproceedings{neurips2020_delta_59678,
  title = {{Delta-STN: Efficient Bilevel Optimization for Neural Networks using Structured Response Jacobians}},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
  year = {2020},
  url = {https://nips.cc/virtual/2020/poster/18819},
}

@inproceedings{neurips2022_bome_64329,
  title = {{BOME! Bilevel Optimization Made Easy: A Simple First-Order Approach}},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
  year = {2022},
  url = {https://nips.cc/virtual/2022/poster/53987},
}

@inproceedings{aaai2023_implicit_3870,
  title = {{Implicit Bilevel Optimization: Differentiating through Bilevel Optimization Programming}},
  booktitle = {AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/26716},
}

@inproceedings{neurips2022_will_63880,
  title = {{Will Bilevel Optimizers Benefit from Loops}},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
  year = {2022},
  url = {https://nips.cc/virtual/2022/poster/54475},
}

@inproceedings{aaai2023_efficient_3552,
  title = {{Efficient Gradient Approximation Method for Constrained Bilevel Optimization}},
  booktitle = {AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/26473},
}

@inproceedings{icml2022_on_40919,
  title = {{On Implicit Bias in Overparameterized Bilevel Optimization}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)},
  year = {2022},
  url = {https://icml.cc/virtual/2022/poster/18367},
}

@inproceedings{aaai2021_improved_755,
  title = {{Improved Penalty Method via Doubly Stochastic Gradients for Bilevel Hyperparameter Optimization}},
  booktitle = {AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://aaai.org/papers/09621-improved-penalty-method-via-doubly-stochastic-gradients-for-bilevel-hyperparameter-optimization/},
}

@inproceedings{iclr2022_amortized_30837,
  title = {{Amortized Implicit Differentiation for Stochastic Bilevel Optimization}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)},
  year = {2022},
  url = {https://iclr.cc/virtual/2022/poster/6785},
}

@inproceedings{neurips2021_stability_62154,
  title = {{Stability and Generalization of Bilevel Programming in Hyperparameter Optimization}},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://nips.cc/virtual/2021/poster/28464},
}

@inproceedings{neurips2021_sbo_63254,
  title = {{SBO-RNN: Reformulating Recurrent Neural Networks via Stochastic Bilevel Optimization}},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://nips.cc/virtual/2021/poster/28639},
}

@inproceedings{neurips2022_on_66201,
  title = {{On the Convergence Theory for Hessian-Free Bilevel Algorithms}},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
  year = {2022},
  url = {https://nips.cc/virtual/2022/poster/53775},
}

@inproceedings{neurips2024_functional_73185,
  title = {{Functional Bilevel Optimization for Machine Learning}},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://neurips.cc/virtual/2024/poster/94248},
}

@inproceedings{neurips2024_memory_71755,
  title = {{Memory-Efficient Gradient Unrolling for Large-Scale Bi-level Optimization}},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://neurips.cc/virtual/2024/poster/95534},
}

@inproceedings{aaai2025_a_7928,
  title = {{A Stochastic Approach to Bi-Level Optimization for Hyperparameter Optimization and Meta Learning}},
  booktitle = {AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/33970},
}

@inproceedings{icml2024_moreau_45506,
  title = {{Moreau Envelope for Nonconvex Bi-Level Optimization: A Single-Loop and Hessian-Free Solution Strategy}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://icml.cc/virtual/2024/poster/32946},
}

@inproceedings{icml2025_scalable_47091,
  title = {{Scalable Meta-Learning via Mixed-Mode Differentiation}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://icml.cc/virtual/2025/poster/45495},
}

@inproceedings{icml2025_efficient_48570,
  title = {{Efficient Curvature-Aware Hypergradient Approximation for Bilevel Optimization}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://icml.cc/virtual/2025/poster/44051},
}

@inproceedings{icml2025_automatic_49005,
  title = {{Automatic Differentiation of Optimization Algorithms with Time-Varying Updates}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://icml.cc/virtual/2025/poster/43618},
}

@inproceedings{icml2026_natural_49637,
  title = {{Natural Hypergradient Descent: Algorithm Design, Convergence Analysis, and Parallel Implementation}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=4K54YHTG2i},
}

@inproceedings{neurips2024_first_71354,
  title = {{First-Order Minimax Bilevel Optimization}},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://neurips.cc/virtual/2024/poster/95895},
}

@inproceedings{neurips2025_bilevel_79068,
  title = {{Bilevel Optimization for Adversarial Learning Problems: Sharpness, Generation, and Beyond}},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=lEXyU72PpT},
}

@inproceedings{iclr2024_dropout_33451,
  title = {{Dropout Enhanced Bilevel Training}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://iclr.cc/virtual/2024/poster/19624},
}

@inproceedings{iclr2024_convergence_34884,
  title = {{Convergence of Bayesian Bilevel Optimization}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://iclr.cc/virtual/2024/poster/18190},
}