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FreeMask: Synthetic Images with Dense Annotations Make Stronger Segmentation Models

NeurIPS 2023 · Detection and segmentation › Open-set and few-shot detection · approach: Interactive and referring segmentation · 9 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
add FreeMask synthetic images during joint trainingMask2Former + Swin-T · ADE20KmIoU: 48.7 -> 52.0Helped
add FreeMask synthetic images during joint trainingMask2Former + Swin-T · COCO-StuffmIoU: 44.5 -> 46.4Helped
pre-train on FreeMask synthetic images, then fine-tune on real imagesSegFormer + MiT-B4 · ADE20KmIoU: 48.5 -> 50.6Helped
add pixel-level filtering of noisy synthetic regions (ablation)SegFormer + MiT-B4 trained on synthetic images · ADE20K synthetic-to-real transfermIoU: 43.3 -> 47.4Helped
add hardness-aware re-sampling of masks (ablation)SegFormer + MiT-B4 trained on synthetic images · ADE20K synthetic-to-real transfermIoU: 43.3 -> 45.1Helped
apply both pixel filtering and hardness-aware re-sampling (ablation)SegFormer + MiT-B4 trained on synthetic images · ADE20K synthetic-to-real transfermIoU: 43.3 -> 48.3Helped
add synthetic images without filtering or re-sampling (ablation)real-image baseline · ADE20K joint trainingmIoU: 48.5 -> 48.2Hurt
add filtering and re-sampling to synthetic images in joint training (ablation)SegFormer + MiT-B4 real-image baseline · ADE20KmIoU: 48.5 -> 50.3Helped
double real-only training iterations (ablation)real-image baseline · ADE20KmIoU: 48.7 -> 49.2; 48.5 -> 48.6; 46.2 -> 46.7No clear effect
increase Nmax from 6 to 20 with filtering and re-sampling (ablation)SegFormer + MiT-B4 synthetic-only training · ADE20KmIoU: 47.2 -> 48.3Helped
use hardness-aware re-sampling instead of OHEM (ablation)Segmenter-S · ADE20KmIoU: 44.2 -> 45.4Helped

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