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Model-based Safe Deep Reinforcement Learning via a Constrained Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithm

NeurIPS 2022 · Reinforcement learning › Policy gradient and actor-critic · approach: Safety layers and shielding · 19 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Use MBPPO-Lagrangian instead of model-free PPO-LagrangianConstrained RL on PointGoal and CarGoal · PointGoal and CarGoalenvironment interactions to reach comparable reward performance: approximately 3-4 times more sample efficientHelped
Use MBPPO-Lagrangian instead of PPO-LagrangianConstrained RL on PointGoal and CarGoal · PointGoal and CarGoalcumulative hazard violations: reduces its cumulative hazard violations by ~60%Helped
Use MBPPO-Lagrangian instead of PPO-LagrangianConstrained RL · PointGoal and CarGoalreward return at convergenceNo clear effect
Use MBPPO-Lagrangian instead of safe-LOOPModel-based constrained RL · PointGoal and CarGoalreward performanceHelped
Use MBPPO-Lagrangian instead of safe-LOOPModel-based constrained RL · RC-Carreward and cost performanceNo clear effect
Use MBPPO-Lagrangian instead of PPOSafe RL on DoggoGoal · DoggoGoalepisodic reward: 21.3 ± 1.23 -> -0.69 ± 0.06Hurt
Increase the safety-threshold multiplier β (ablation)MBPPO-Lagrangian · PointGoal, CarGoal, and RC-Carcost returnsMixed
Decrease the safety-threshold multiplier β (ablation)MBPPO-Lagrangian · PointGoal, CarGoal, and RC-Carreward returnsHurt
Scale the safety threshold proportionally to the truncated horizon, d := d*H/T (ablation)Model-based constrained RL · Constrained RL with truncated rolloutsconstraint satisfactionHurt
Use constrained rather than unconstrained exploration for learning the environment model (ablation)Model-based safe RL · PointGoal1 model learningvalidation loss convergenceHurt

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