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Autoregressive Search Engines: Generating Substrings as Document Identifiers

NeurIPS 2022 · Large language models › Retrieval and knowledge · approach: Retrieval-augmented reasoning · 65 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
add FM-index frequency (LM+FM) scoring over LM-only scoring (ablation)SEAL · NQ320khits@10: 68.7 -> 72.0Helped
add intersective multi-ngram scoring (ablation)SEAL · NQ320khits@10: 72.0 -> 74.5Helped
add intersective multi-ngram scoring (ablation)SEAL · Natural Questions testaccuracy@100: 81.1 -> 86.3Helped
add FM-index frequency scoring (ablation)SEAL · Natural Questions testaccuracy@100: 73.1 -> 81.1Helped
add intersective scoring (ablation)SEAL · KILT dev passage-levelR-precision: 27.6 -> 54.5Helped
use FM-index constrained decoding (ablation)SEAL intersective · Natural Questions testaccuracy@100: 86.2 -> 86.3No clear effect
increase beam size from 3 to 15 (ablation)SEAL intersective · Natural Questions testaccuracy@100: 84.9 -> 86.3Helped
increase beam size from 10 to 15 (ablation)SEAL intersective · Natural Questions testaccuracy@100: 86.4 -> 86.3No clear effect
add unsupervised training examples (ablation)SEAL intersective · Natural Questions testaccuracy@100: 85.4 -> 86.3Helped
SEAL vs DPR on passage retrievalSEAL intersective · KILT dev passage-levelR-precision: 42.5 -> 54.5Helped
SEAL vs DPR top-20 retrievalSEAL intersective · Natural Questions testaccuracy@20: 80.1 -> 76.2Hurt
longer ngram length for LM scoring (3 to 5) (ablation)SEAL (LM) · NQ320khits@10: 66.5 -> 68.7Helped

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