Research map / Probabilistic and scientific modeling / Uncertainty and Gaussian processes
Uncertainty Quantification and Deep Ensembles
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Measured effects reported in the paper
| What was changed | Where | Measured | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| Average 30 mixup-trained models without calibration | single model · CIFAR10 1000 samples | ECE (%): 7.31 -> 13.9 | Hurt |
| Apply temperature scaling after pooling (pool-then-calibrate) (ablation) | vanilla pooling · CIFAR10 1000 samples | ECE (%): 13.9 -> 4.9 | Helped |
| Apply temperature scaling after pooling (ablation) | vanilla pooling · CIFAR100 5000 samples | ECE (%): 17.8 -> 2.1 | Helped |
| Apply temperature scaling after pooling (ablation) | vanilla pooling · Imagenette 1000 samples | ECE (%): 18.2 -> 3.5 | Helped |
| Pool then calibrate instead of calibrating each model then averaging (ablation) | temp-scaled ensemble · CIFAR100 full data | ECE (%): 13.2 -> 3.4 | Helped |
| Ensembling models when individuals are over-confident | individual unscaled models · CIFAR100 full data | ECE (%): 9.8 -> 5.9 | Helped |
| Ensembling models when individuals are already calibrated | temp-scaled models · CIFAR100 full data | ECE (%): 2.1 -> 13.2 | Hurt |
| Pool-then-calibrate instead of vanilla ensemble | deep ensemble · CIFAR-10C Gaussian noise | ECE (%): 15.13 -> 1.65 | Helped |
| Pool-then-calibrate instead of vanilla ensemble | deep ensemble · CIFAR10 vs CIFAR100 OOD | entropy median gap: 0.359 -> 0.521 | Helped |
| Add mixup augmentation (ablation) | single model · CIFAR10 1000 samples | test accuracy (%): 63.73 -> 66.45 | Helped |
| Add mixup augmentation (ablation) | single model · CIFAR10 1000 samples | ECE (%): 20.7 -> 7.03 | Helped |
| Use median or trimmed pooling instead of mean (ablation) | pool-then-calibrate · multiple datasets | calibration metrics | No clear effect |
Closest papers by meaning
- Combining Ensembles and Data Augmentation Can Harm Your Calibration (ICLR 2021 · similarity 0.90)
- Better Uncertainty Calibration via Proper Scores for Classification and Beyond (NeurIPS 2022 · similarity 0.90)
- Mix-n-Match : Ensemble and Compositional Methods for Uncertainty Calibration in Deep Learning (ICML 2020 · similarity 0.89)
- Calibrated and Sharp Uncertainties in Deep Learning via Density Estimation (ICML 2022 · similarity 0.89)
- On the Limitations of Temperature Scaling for Distributions with Overlaps (ICLR 2024 · similarity 0.87)
- Uncertainty Quantification with the Empirical Neural Tangent Kernel (NeurIPS 2025 · similarity 0.87)
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