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SegFormer: Simple and Efficient Design for Semantic Segmentation with Transformers

NeurIPS 2021 · Detection and segmentation › CNN features · approach: Plain and high-resolution ViTs · 914 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Scale the encoder from MiT-B0 to MiT-B5 (ablation)SegFormer · ADE20KmIoU: 37.4 -> 51.0Helped
Increase decoder dimension from C=256 to C=768 (ablation)SegFormer All-MLP decoder · ADE20KmIoU: 44.9 -> 45.4Helped
Increase decoder dimension beyond C=768 to C=1024 (ablation)SegFormer All-MLP decoder · ADE20KmIoU: 45.4 -> 45.2Hurt
Replace positional encoding with Mix-FFN (ablation)SegFormer encoder · Cityscapes at 768×768 inferencemIoU: 77.3 -> 80.5Helped
Replace positional encoding with Mix-FFN (ablation)SegFormer encoder · Cityscapes at 1024×2048 inferencemIoU: 74.0 -> 79.8Helped
Change test resolution from 768×768 to 1024×2048 (ablation)Positional encoding encoder · CityscapesmIoU: 77.3 -> 74.0Hurt
Change test resolution from 768×768 to 1024×2048 (ablation)Mix-FFN encoder · CityscapesmIoU: 80.5 -> 79.8Hurt
Fuse all encoder stages instead of using only stage 4 (ablation)MiT-B2 with All-MLP decoder · ADE20KmIoU: 43.1 -> 45.4Helped
Replace the Transformer encoder with a CNN encoder (ablation)All-MLP decoder on ADE20K · ADE20KmIoU: 45.4 -> 34.7Hurt
Use Mapillary Vistas pre-trainingSegFormer-B5 · Cityscapes testmIoU: 82.2 -> 83.1Helped

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