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Gaze-Based Interaction Adaptation for People with Involuntary Head Movements (Student Abstract)
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Proposes HMDSA, an adaptation algorithm combining head-pose-based gaze correction and speed-controlled head position smoothing, which a two-participant study found shortened icon selection time and raised accuracy for users with involuntary head movements.
Problem
Eye-tracking and gaze-based interaction are unreliable for people with dyskinetic cerebral palsy, severe intellectual disabilities, or other involuntary head movements, because the eye tracker assumes a stable head.
Approach
A head pose monitor adjusts the detected gaze point using 3D head position and y-axis rotation, and a gaze speed controller smooths head position updates via a speed-dependent impact factor, stabilizing gaze points on screen without learned models.
Key results
- Selection time decreased from 7.72 s (control) to 4.79 s (experimental) with adaptation (ANOVA p < .001, F(1,398)=82.39, eta2=.17).
- Selection accuracy increased from 51% (control) to 92% (experimental) (p < .001, F(1,398)=103.41, eta2=.21).
- Study used two participants with involuntary head movements, 100 selection tasks per trial, and N=400 observations in the statistics.
Measured effects reported in the paper
| What was changed | Where | Measured | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| Add head movement adaptation | Gaze-based interaction with HMDSA · 1-out-of-8 icon selection | selection time (s): 7.72 (4.32) -> 4.79 (1.52) | Helped |
| Add head movement adaptation | Gaze-based interaction with HMDSA · 1-out-of-8 icon selection | selection accuracy (%): 51 (51.1) -> 92 (27.2) | Helped |
Limitations
- Lower performance when users wear glasses.
- Head pose monitor performs better for horizontal than vertical head movement.
- Very small sample size (two participants) limits generalisation.
Experimental setup
Metrics: selection time (s) selection accuracy (%)
Baselines: Control condition without adaptation
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- Learning from Observer Gaze: Zero-Shot Attention Prediction Oriented by Human-Object Interaction Recognition (CVPR 2024 · similarity 0.81)
- GazeFlow: From Human Gaze Behavior to Generative Egocentric Gaze Prediction (NeurIPS 2026 · similarity 0.80)
- ST-DiffEye: Diffusion-based Continuous Gaze Generation via Joint Scanpath-Trajectory Modeling (NeurIPS 2026 · similarity 0.80)
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