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Learning Controllable Degradation for Real-World Super-Resolution via Constrained Flows

ICML 2023 · Image generation › Super-resolution · approach: Real-world super-resolution

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Train SR networks on InterFlow-generated LR images for unseen levels (2<s<4) instead of only RealSR ×2,×4HAN, RCAN, VDSR, KPN, NLSN, SwinIR · RealSR ×3 test setPSNR: e.g., HAN 30.43 -> 30.68; RCAN 30.30 -> 30.57Helped
Remove both LR-consistency and IB losses from InterFlow (ablation)InterFlow training · RealSR ×3 test set (HAN)PSNR: 30.68 -> 30.34Hurt
Add IB loss on top of LR-consistency loss (ablation)InterFlow · RealSR ×3 test set (HAN)PSNR: 30.16 -> 30.68Helped
Add LR-consistency loss on top of IB loss (ablation)InterFlow · RealSR ×3 test set (HAN)PSNR: 30.40 -> 30.68Helped
Replace latent-space interpolation with naive linear image-space interpolation of LR images (ablation)HAN training data generation · RealSR ×3 test setPSNR: 30.68 (InterFlow) vs 30.48 (linear)Hurt
Use InterFlow-generated LR data to train scale-arbitrary networks (MetaSR, LIIF) instead of bicubic or Real-ESRGAN/BSRGANMetaSR, LIIF · RealSR ×3 test setPSNR: MetaSR 28.99 (bicubic) -> 30.42; LIIF 29.00 -> 30.44Helped
Use InterFlow data instead of BSRGAN/Real-ESRGAN data for MetaSR and LIIFMetaSR, LIIF · DRealSR ×3 test setPSNR: MetaSR 30.07 (BSRGAN) -> 31.16; LIIF 30.21 -> 31.15Helped
Train on InterFlow data for RealSR ×2.5 and ×3.5 test setsRCAN, NLSN · RealSR ×2.5 / ×3.5 test setsPSNR: RCAN ×2.5 31.79 -> 32.11; ×3.5 30.06 -> 30.20Helped
Increase LR-consistency loss weight from 10 to 100 (ablation)InterFlow · RealSR ×3 test set (HAN)PSNR: 30.68 -> 30.52Hurt
Use 2x downsampling instead of 4x in LR-consistency loss (ablation)InterFlow · RealSR ×3 test set (HAN)PSNR: 30.68 -> 30.25Hurt

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