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Cooperation in the Latent Space: The Benefits of Adding Mixture Components in Variational Autoencoders

ICML 2023 · Probabilistic and scientific modeling › Variational and generative sampling · approach: Structured latent VAEs · 3 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Increase the mixture-component count from 1 to 4 (ablation)Vanilla VAE · MNISTNLL: 79.74 ± 0.03 -> 78.60 ± 0.05Helped
Increase the mixture-component count from 1 to 4 (ablation)Hierarchical VAE · MNISTNLL: 78.92 ± 0.08 -> 77.75 ± 0.03Helped
Increase the mixture-component count from 1 to 4 (ablation)VAE w. NF · MNISTNLL: 79.43 ± 0.03 -> 78.23 ± 0.03Helped
Increase the mixture-component count from 1 to 4 (ablation)VAE w. VampPrior · MNISTNLL: 78.69 ± 0.02 -> 77.55 ± 0.05Helped
Increase the mixture-component count from 1 to 4 (ablation)Composite Model · MNISTNLL: 78.45 ± 0.11 -> 77.23 ± 0.11Helped
Increase the mixture-component count from 1 to 4 (ablation)Vanilla VAE · FashionMNISTNLL: 225.50 -> 224.22Helped
Increase the mixture-component count from 1 to 4 (ablation)Composite Model · FashionMNISTNLL: 223.58 -> 222.38Helped
Increase the mixture-component count from 1 to 4 (ablation)Vanilla VAE · CIFAR-10bits per dimension: 4.85 -> 4.83Helped
Use jointly learned mixture components instead of independently learned ensemble componentsVAE latent representations · MNISTaccuracy: Ensemble VAE (S=5): 96.0±2E-3%; Mixture VAE (S=5): 96.6±2E-3%Helped
Use jointly learned mixture components instead of independently learned ensemble componentsVAE latent representations · FashionMNISTaccuracy: Ensemble VAE (S=5): 82.6±1E-3%; Mixture VAE (S=5): 83.5±2E-3%Helped
Use more mixture components (S=1 to S=5) (ablation)Mixture VAE using scVI · CORTEXaccuracy: 94.7±.02% -> 97.1±.01%Helped
Use more mixture components (S=1 to S=5) (ablation)Ensemble VAE using scVI · CORTEXaccuracy: 94.7±.02% -> 96.8±.01%Helped

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