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Zero-Shot Text-to-Image Generation

ICML 2021 · Image generation › Text-to-image diffusion · approach: Personalized and region-controlled generation · 1,121 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Use the large autoregressive text-and-image transformer instead of DF-GANMS-COCO captions · MS-COCO captionshuman preference for realism: 90.0%Helped
Use the large autoregressive text-and-image transformer instead of DF-GANMS-COCO captions · MS-COCO captionshuman preference for caption match: 93.3%Helped
Increase the number of candidates used for contrastive reranking (ablation)DALL·E · MS-COCOFID: up to 32Helped
Increase the number of candidates used for contrastive reranking (ablation)DALL·E · MS-COCOInception Score: up to 32Helped
Apply a slight blur with radius 1 to samples and validation images (ablation)DALL·E · MS-COCOFID: about 6 pointsHelped
Blur samples and validation images with radius greater than or equal to two (ablation)DALL·E · MS-COCOInception Score: greater than or equal to twoHelped
Use learned position-specific padding tokens instead of masking padding positions (ablation)DALL·E transformer · Conceptual Captions out-of-distribution captionsout-of-distribution performanceHelped
Use learned position-specific padding tokens instead of masking padding positions (ablation)DALL·E transformer · Conceptual Captions validationvalidation lossHurt
Increase the dVAE KL weight to β = 6.6 (ablation)dVAE · image reconstructionreconstruction error: β = 6.6Helped
Train the dVAE and transformer jointly instead of using two-stage training (ablation)DALL·E · ImageNet preliminary experimentsperformanceNo clear effect
Use one shared attention operation for text-to-text, image-to-text, and image-to-image interactions instead of separate operations (ablation)DALL·E transformer · text-to-image generationperformanceHelped
Use a convolutional attention mask in the final self-attention layer (ablation)DALL·E transformer · text-to-image generationperformanceHelped

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