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Understanding self-supervised learning dynamics without contrastive pairs

ICML 2021 · Label-efficient and robust learning › Self-supervised and contrastive · approach: Contrastive versus non-contrastive theory · 33 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Replace gradient-trained linear prediction with DirectPredBYOL on ImageNet · ImageNet, 300 epochsTop-1 accuracy: 69.9 -> 72.4Helped
Replace the BYOL two-layer predictor with DirectPredBYOL on ImageNet · ImageNet, 300 epochsTop-1 accuracy: 72.5 -> 72.4No clear effect
Replace gradient-trained linear prediction with DirectPredBYOL on ImageNet · ImageNet, 60 epochsTop-1 accuracy: 59.4% vs. 64.4%Helped
Use DirectPred with gradient updates between eigen-decompositions (freq=5) (ablation)DirectPred on STL-10 · STL-10, 500 epochsTop-1 accuracy: 78.86±1.15 -> 80.28±0.62Helped
Set epsilon regularization to 0.1 rather than 0 (ablation)DirectPred on STL-10 · STL-10, Top-1, 100 epochs; rho=0.3accuracy: 76.77±0.24 -> 77.86±0.16Helped
Set epsilon to 0.5 (ablation)DirectPred on STL-10 · STL-10, Top-1, 100 epochs; rho=0.3accuracy: 77.86±0.16 -> 75.06±1.10Hurt
Remove EMA while constraining the predictor to be symmetric (ablation)BYOL on STL-10 · STL-10, Top-1, 100 epochsaccuracy: 75.09±0.48 -> 36.62±1.85Hurt
Remove EMA while retaining a regular, asymmetric predictor (ablation)BYOL on STL-10 · STL-10, Top-1, 100 epochsaccuracy: 74.51±0.47 -> 72.85±0.16Hurt
Remove trunk weight decay while keeping predictor weight decay (ablation)BYOL with symmetric predictor and no EMA · STL-10, Top-1, 100 epochsaccuracy: 43.04±2.32 -> 71.12 ±0.71Helped
Remove weight decay from all layers (ablation)BYOL with symmetric predictor and no EMA · STL-10, Top-1, 100 epochsaccuracy: 71.12 ±0.71 -> 43.04±2.32Hurt
Remove the stop-gradient operation (ablation)SimSiam · Linear-model analysisrepresentational collapseHurt
Remove the predictor (ablation)BYOL and SimSiam · Non-contrastive SSLrepresentational collapseHurt

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