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GNNAutoScale: Scalable and Expressive Graph Neural Networks via Historical Embeddings

ICML 2021 · Graph learning › GNN architectures · approach: Weisfeiler-Leman expressivity hierarchies · 10 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Use GAS historical embeddings rather than full-batch executionGCN, GAT, APPNP, and GCNII · Small transductive benchmarksmean accuracy difference (percentage points): GCN +0.13; GAT +0.29; APPNP -0.01; GCNII +0.29No clear effect
Add Metis clustering to reduce inter-batch connectivity (ablation)GAS GCNII · Cora, CiteSeer, PubMed, Coauthor-CS, Coauthor-Physics, Amazon-Computer, Amazon-Photo, Wiki-CSaccuracy difference from full-batch (percentage points): Baseline -3.26; Metis -1.57 (Cora)Helped
Add regularization (ablation)GAS GCNII · Cora, CiteSeer, PubMed, Coauthor-CS, Coauthor-Physics, Amazon-Computer, Amazon-Photo, Wiki-CSaccuracy difference from full-batch (percentage points): Baseline -3.26; Regularization -2.12 (Cora)Helped
Use both Metis clustering and regularization (ablation)GAS GCNII · Cora, CiteSeer, PubMed, Coauthor-CS, Coauthor-Physics, Amazon-Computer, Amazon-Photo, Wiki-CSaccuracy difference from full-batch (percentage points): Cora +0.48; CiteSeer +0.83; PubMed +0.47; Coauthor-CS +0.07; Coauthor-Physics +0.18; Amazon-Computer +0.01; Amazon-PhotoHelped
Add Metis clustering (ablation)GAS GIN · Cluster testaccuracy: 55.15 -> 57.82Helped
Add Lipschitz continuity regularization (ablation)GAS GIN with Metis clustering · Cluster testaccuracy: 57.82 -> 58.51Helped
Add Lipschitz continuity regularization (ablation)GAS with linear GCN operators · GCNaccuracyNo clear effect
Replace GTTF with GAS4-layer GCN · Coraruntime (s): 0.077 -> 0.006Helped
Replace GTTF with GAS4-layer GCN · Coramemory (MB): 18.01 -> 2.13Helped
Use Metis partitions instead of random mini-batches (ablation)GAS batch selection · Real-world graph datasetsinter-/intra-connectivity ratio: factor of 4 on averageHelped
Use GAS with deep or expressive GNNs instead of the shallow GCN+GAS baselineGCNII and PNA · Reddit, PPI, Flickr, Yelp, ogbn-arxiv, ogbn-productsaccuracy: Reddit: 95.45 -> 96.77 (GCNII), 95.45 -> 97.17 (PNA); Flickr: 54.00 -> 56.20 (GCNII), 54.00 -> 56.67 (PNA); Yelp: 62.94 Mixed

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