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On the Number of Linear Regions of Convolutional Neural Networks

ICML 2020 · Architectures and efficiency › CNN design · approach: Compact CNN architectures · 36 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Use a depth-L ReLU CNN instead of a shallow CNN with asymptotically the same parameter countReLU CNN · Fixed input dimension; equal-parameter deep-versus-shallow comparisonlinear regions per parameter: Ω(1/L · floor(d/d0)^(d0 (L-1) n^2 -2)) vs O((Ld^2)^(d0 n^2 -1))Helped
Use a convolutional rather than fully-connected ReLU architectureReLU CNN and fully-connected ReLU NN · Asymptotically equal parameters, input dimension, and number of layerslinear regions: R_N1/R_N3 ≥ Ω((√(2π n^2d0))^L (n^2/e)^(L d0 n^2))Helped
Count convolution-induced dependent hyperplane arrangements using the proposed exact formula rather than the fully-connected NN upper boundOne-layer CNN example · Input 1×3×1; filters 1×2×1; stride 1; d1=3linear regions: 40 vs 42No clear effect
Estimate region counts by sampling input pointsTwo-layer CNN example · Input 1×4×1; first layer 2 filters; second-layer d2 valueslinear regions: 170, 261, 685, 1186, 1796, 2725, 3398, 4822Mixed
Increase the number of filters in a one-layer CNNOne-layer ReLU CNN · Fixed input and filter geometrymaximal linear regions: R_N = Θ(d1^#∪S_i,j)Helped

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