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Leveraging Frequency Analysis for Deep Fake Image Recognition
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Measured effects reported in the paper
| What was changed | Where | Measured | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| Classify DCT-transformed rather than raw-pixel images | Ridge regression on FFHQ and StyleGAN images · FFHQ vs StyleGAN | accuracy: 75.78\,\% -> 100.00\,\% (+ 24.22\,\%) | Helped |
| Classify DCT coefficients instead of pixels | Source-identification CNN · LSUN bedrooms | accuracy: 98.95\,\% -> 99.64\,\% (+ 0.69\,\%) | Helped |
| Classify DCT coefficients instead of pixels | Source-identification CNN · CelebA | accuracy: 97.80\,\% -> 99.07\,\% (+ 1.27\,\%) | Mixed |
| Train the shallow CNN on DCT coefficients rather than pixels | Source-identification CNN with 20% of training data · LSUN bedrooms | accuracy: 85.82\,\% -> 99.14\,\% | Helped |
| Train the shallow CNN on DCT coefficients rather than pixels | Source-identification CNN with 20% of training data · CelebA | accuracy: 96.33\,\% -> 98.47\,\% | Helped |
| Replace bilinear upsampling with nearest-neighbor upsampling (ablation) | StyleGAN · StyleGAN-generated images, 256 × 256 | DCT ridge-regression accuracy: 85.96\,\% -> 98.24\,\% | Helped |
| Replace bilinear upsampling with binomial upsampling (ablation) | StyleGAN · StyleGAN-generated images, 256 × 256 | DCT ridge-regression accuracy: 85.96\,\% -> 84.20\,\% | No clear effect |
| Use more elaborate upsampling with stronger anti-aliasing (ablation) | StyleGAN · StyleGAN-generated images, 256 × 256 | DCT ridge-regression accuracy: 98.24\,\% -> 85.96\,\% -> 84.20\,\% | Hurt |
| Use DCT rather than pixel input for clean-trained classification under blur | CNN classifier · LSUN bedrooms, blur perturbation (CD) | accuracy: 60.56\,\% -> 61.42\,\% | Helped |
| Use DCT rather than pixel input for clean-trained classification under cropping | CNN classifier · LSUN bedrooms, cropped perturbation (CD) | accuracy: 74.49\,\% -> 83.52\,\% | Helped |
| Use DCT rather than pixel input for clean-trained classification under compression | CNN classifier · LSUN bedrooms, compression perturbation (CD) | accuracy: 68.66\,\% -> 71.86\,\% | Helped |
| Use DCT rather than pixel input for clean-trained classification under noise | CNN classifier · LSUN bedrooms, noise perturbation (CD) | accuracy: 59.51\,\% -> 48.99\,\% | Hurt |
Closest papers by meaning
- Think Twice Before Detecting GAN-Generated Fake Images From Their Spectral Domain Imprints (CVPR 2022 · similarity 0.92)
- Frequency-Aware Deepfake Detection: Improving Generalizability through Frequency Space Domain Learning (AAAI 2024 · similarity 0.88)
- Transfer Learning of Real Image Features with Soft Contrastive Loss for Fake Image Detection (AAAI 2025 · similarity 0.87)
- Secret Lies in Color: Enhancing AI-Generated Images Detection with Color Distribution Analysis (CVPR 2025 · similarity 0.86)
- FreqBlender: Enhancing DeepFake Detection by Blending Frequency Knowledge (NeurIPS 2024 · similarity 0.86)
- Forgery-aware Adaptive Transformer for Generalizable Synthetic Image Detection (CVPR 2024 · similarity 0.85)
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