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Imperceptible, Robust, and Targeted Adversarial Examples for Automatic Speech Recognition

ICML 2019 · Adversarial robustness and security › Attacks on text and graphs · approach: Adversarial perturbations beyond images · 229 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Constrain the perturbation using the audio masking thresholdTargeted Lingvo attack on LibriSpeech test-clean · LibriSpeech test-clean, no room simulationsentence-level accuracy: 58.60 -> 100.00Helped
Optimize the perturbation against sampled room reverberationsTargeted Lingvo attack · LibriSpeech test-clean, simulated test roomssentence-level accuracy: 0% -> 62.96Helped
Increase the perturbation bound from Δ = 300 to Δ = 400 (ablation)Robust Lingvo attack · LibriSpeech test-clean, simulated test roomssentence-level accuracy: 62.96 -> 64.64Helped
Increase the perturbation bound from Δ = 300 to Δ = 400 (ablation)Robust Lingvo attack · LibriSpeech test-clean, simulated test roomsWER: 14.45 -> 13.83Helped
Add the masking-threshold loss to the robust attack (ablation)Robust Lingvo attack · LibriSpeech test-clean, simulated test roomssentence-level accuracy: 62.96 -> 49.65Hurt
Add the masking-threshold loss to the robust attack (ablation)Robust Lingvo attack · LibriSpeech test-clean, simulated test roomsWER: 14.45 -> 22.98Hurt
Use masking-threshold perturbations instead of the prior attack's perturbationsTargeted ASR adversarial examples · Human study: clean/noisy judgmentparticipants judging audio noisy: 66% -> 23%Helped
Use masking-threshold perturbations instead of the prior attack's perturbationsTargeted ASR adversarial examples · Human study: identical-or-not judgmentjudged identical to clean audio: 24% -> 76%Helped
Fine-tune robust examples with the masking-threshold loss (ablation)Robust Lingvo attack · Human study: clean versus adversarial audio, original identificationcorrectly identified original audio: 97% -> 89%Helped

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