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GAAMA 2.0: An Integrated System That Answers Boolean and Extractive Questions

AAAI 2023 · Architectures and efficiency › RNNs and normalization · approach: Non-autoregressive translation · 0 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Add question type classification, boolean answer classification, and score normalizationGAAMA · TyDi QA dev (second half)Minimal Answer F1: 68.6 -> 72.6Helped
Use the integrated boolean-question pipelineGAAMA · TyDi QA testMinimal Answer F1: 68.0 -> 72.3Helped
Replace separate transformer stacks with a shared transformer and adapters (ablation)GAAMA 2.0 · TyDi QA devMinimal Answer F1: 72.6 -> 73.0No clear effect
Replace separate transformer stacks with a shared transformer and adapters (ablation)GAAMA 2.0 · TyDi QA devParameter count (× 10^6): 1680 -> 563Helped
Replace separate transformer stacks with a shared transformer and adapters (ablation)GAAMA 2.0 · TyDi QA devModel size (MiB): 3204 -> 1074Helped
Use the question-type classifier and span score to normalize answerability scores conditioned on question type (ablation)GAAMA · TyDi QA dev boolean questionsGold boolean questions above the answerability threshold: 259 -> 781Helped
Train the boolean answer classifier on expanded passage context rather than only GAAMA's minimal evidence span (ablation)Boolean answer classifier · TyDi QAYES/NO classification performanceHelped
Use adapters for the boolean answer classifier (ablation)Boolean answer classifier · TyDi QA devYES/NO F1: 91.0/44.5 -> 90.9/41.5Mixed
Use adapters for the boolean answer classifier (ablation)Boolean answer classifier · BoolQ-X devYES/NO F1: 81.3/65.7 -> 83.0/68.8Helped

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