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Stochastic Variance Reduction for Nonconvex Optimization

ICML 2016 · Optimization › Nonconvex and smooth optimization · approach: Stochastic variance reduction · 226 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Use SVRG with fixed step size and epoch structure instead of SGD on nonconvex finite-sum problemsnonconvex finite-sum problems · IFO complexity to epsilon-accurate stationary pointIFO complexity: O(n + n^{2/3}/eps) vs O(1/eps^2) for SGDHelped
Use SVRG instead of full gradient descent on nonconvex finite-sum problemsnonconvex finite-sum problems · IFO complexity to epsilon-accurate stationary pointIFO complexity: n^{1/3} factor faster than GradientDescentHelped
Use gradient-dominated SVRG variant (GD-SVRG) for global linear convergencetau-gradient dominated functions · IFO complexity to epsilon accuracyIFO complexity: O((n + tau n^{2/3}) log(1/eps)) vs O(n + n tau log(1/eps)) for GDHelped
Use mini-batch of size b in SVRG (b < n^{2/3}) with step size scaled by b (ablation)nonconvex SVRG · theoretical IFO complexity / parallel speedupconvergence factor: rate improves by factor b; IFO complexity unchangedHelped
Use SGD mini-batching instead of SVRG mini-batchingSGD · mini-batch convergenceconvergence rate: O(1/sqrt(bT)) dependence, worse than SVRG's 1/bHurt
Use SVRG with n-dependent step size eta=1/(8L sqrt(n)) in convex case versus n-independent step 1/(8L) (ablation)convex SVRG · IFO complexityIFO complexity: O(n + sqrt(n)/eps) vs O(n/eps)Helped
Use SVRG on neural network training (one hidden layer) with fixed step, mini-batch 10, SGD warm startone-hidden-layer neural networks on CIFAR-10, MNIST, STL-10 · gradient norm and training loss||grad f||^2 and training lossHelped
Use SVRG instead of SGD for CIFAR-10 test errorone-hidden-layer neural network on CIFAR-10 · test errortest errorHelped
Use SVRG instead of SGD for MNIST and STL-10 test errorone-hidden-layer neural network on MNIST and STL-10 · test errortest errorNo clear effect
Use SVRG (n-independent) for strongly convex f with nonconvex f_i, rather than SDCAl2-regularized ERM with nonconvex f_i · IFO complexityIFO complexity: O((n + n^{2/3} kappa) log(1/eps)) vs SDCA O((n + kappa^2) log(1/eps)) when kappa > n^{2/3}Helped

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