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Estimating Geographic Spillover Effects of COVID-19 Policies from Large-Scale Mobility Networks

AAAI 2023 · Probabilistic and scientific modeling › Treatment effects · approach: Latent-variable causal inference · 16 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
allow each county to set restrictions locally rather than applying statewide restrictionsCalifornia COVID-19 mobility restrictions · California countiesmobility reduction retained: 54.0% (46.4%--61.7%)Hurt
group counties using the Regional Stay-At-Home Order partition rather than restricting each county independentlyCalifornia COVID-19 mobility restrictions · California countiesstatewide mobility reduction retained: 92.1% (90.9%--93.3%)Helped
use a random equal-sized partition instead of the Regional Stay-At-Home Order partitionCalifornia COVID-19 mobility restrictions · California countiesstatewide mobility reduction retained: 62.3% (54.3%--70.4%)Hurt
allow local restrictions rather than statewide restrictionsCalifornia small counties · California small countiesmobility reduction retained: 41.7% (31.0%--52.4%)Hurt
allow local restrictions rather than statewide restrictionsCalifornia large counties · California large countiesmobility reduction retained: 62.1% (56.3%--67.9%)Hurt
make the POI county less restricted, from purple to red, while the source CBG county remains purplePairwise county tier policies · California CBG-POI network, 21 of 24 POI groupsvisits to POIs in the target countyHelped
make both the source CBG county and the POI county red rather than both purplePairwise county tier policies · California CBG-POI network, 22 POI groupsvisitsHelped
use bandwidth h=4 instead of h=5 (ablation)Proposed RD-based spillover model · California CBG-POI networkestimated spillover parameters: 2-3\% and at most 5\%No clear effect
use bandwidth h=6 instead of h=5 (ablation)Proposed RD-based spillover model · California CBG-POI networkestimated spillover parameters: at most 2\% and mostly smaller than 1\%No clear effect

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