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PLOT: Prompt Learning with Optimal Transport for Vision-Language Models

ICLR 2023 · Vision-language and multimodal › CLIP and zero-shot · approach: Prompt learning for CLIP · 23 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
learn multiple prompts with OT feature alignment rather than a single CoOp promptCLIP RN50 · Few-shot average, 1 shotaccuracy: 59.56±2.06 -> 62.59±1.13Helped
learn multiple prompts with OT feature alignment rather than a single CoOp promptCLIP RN50 · Few-shot average, 16 shotsaccuracy: 73.33±0.42 -> 73.94±0.54Helped
match multiple prompts to the global visual feature without OT (ablation)PLOT · Caltech101, 1 shotaccuracy: 89.83±0.33 -> 88.13±0.36Hurt
add prompt-distance variance regularization (ablation)global-feature multiple-prompt method G · Caltech101, 1 shotaccuracy: 88.13±0.36 -> 88.28±0.43No clear effect
use diverse predefined prompt initializations (ablation)global-feature multiple-prompt method G · Caltech101, 1 shotaccuracy: 88.13±0.36 -> 88.91±0.38Helped
replace global features with feature maps and remove OT (ablation)PLOT · Caltech101, 1 shotaccuracy: 89.83±0.33 -> 69.78±1.75Hurt
increase the prompt count from 1 to 4 (ablation)PLOT · Caltech101, 1 shotaccuracy: 88.47±1.15 -> 89.83±0.33Helped
increase the prompt count from 4 to 8 (ablation)PLOT · Food101, 1 shotaccuracy: 77.74±0.47 -> 78.05±0.15Helped
apply PLOT to Tip-Adapter-FTip-Adapter-F · Few-shot average, 16 shotsaccuracy: 75.83 -> 76.20Helped
apply PLOT prompts and OT to CoCoOpCoCoOp · Base-to-new average, new classesaccuracy: 64.6 -> 67.6Helped
use OT with engineered prompts instead of global-feature cosine matchingCLIP zero-shot · ImageNettop-1 accuracy: 60.38% -> 58.78%Hurt

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