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Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGAN

ICLR 2022 · Image generation › Autoregressive and latent generation · approach: Hierarchical VQ-VAE generation · 91 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Replace CNN encoder and decoder with ViT encoder and decoder (ablation)VQGAN · ImageNet reconstructionFID: 2.26 -> 1.55Helped
Replace PatchGAN with StyleGAN discriminator (ablation)ViT-VQGAN Base-Base · ImageNet reconstructionFID: 3.88 -> 1.55Helped
Reduce factorized code lookup dimension from 256 to 16 (ablation)ViT-VQGAN Base-Base · ImageNet reconstructionFID: 3.68 -> 1.50Helped
Reduce factorized code lookup dimension from 256 to 8 (ablation)ViT-VQGAN Base-Base · ImageNet reconstructionFID: 3.68 -> 1.52Helped
Remove L2 normalization of encoded and codebook variables (ablation)ViT-VQGAN Base-Base · ImageNet reconstructionFID: 1.55 -> 5.44Hurt
Use the ViT-VQGAN quantizer instead of DALL-E dVAE (ablation)VIM-Base · ImageNet linear probeTop-1 accuracy: 63.8 -> 65.1Helped
Use the ViT-VQGAN quantizer instead of CNN-VQGAN (ablation)VIM-Base · ImageNet linear probeTop-1 accuracy: 61.8 -> 65.1Helped
Use VIM-Large instead of iGPT-LImageNet generative-pretraining linear probe · ImageNetTop-1 accuracy: 60.3 -> 73.2Helped
Use ViT-VQGAN instead of VQGANClass-conditioned image generation · ImageNet 256×256FID: 17.04 -> 4.17Helped
Use ViT-VQGAN instead of VQGANClass-conditioned image generation · ImageNet 256×256IS: 70.6 -> 175.1Helped
Use a 32×32 token sequence instead of 16×16 (ablation)ViT-VQGAN + VIM-Large · ImageNet class-conditioned generationFID: 5.3 -> 4.17Helped
Apply classifier-based rejection sampling at acceptance rate 0.5 (ablation)ViT-VQGAN · ImageNet class-conditioned generationFID: 4.17 -> 3.04Helped

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