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Recurrent Batch Normalization

ICLR 2017 · Architectures and efficiency › RNNs and normalization · approach: Batch normalization improvements · 56 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Apply batch normalization to input-to-hidden and hidden-to-hidden LSTM transformationsLSTM · MNISTaccuracy: 98.9 -> 99.0Helped
Apply batch normalization to input-to-hidden and hidden-to-hidden LSTM transformationsLSTM · pMNISTaccuracy: 90.2 -> 95.4Helped
Apply recurrent batch normalizationLSTM · Penn Treebank testbits per character: 1.38 -> 1.32Helped
Apply recurrent batch normalizationLSTM · text8 testbits per character: 1.43 -> 1.36Helped
Add attention batch normalization (ablation)BN-LSTM Attentive Reader · CNN QA validationvalidation curve minimum: 49.5% -> 50.0%Mixed
Add attention batch normalization (ablation)BN-LSTM Attentive Reader · CNN QA trainingconvergence speedHelped
Use sequencewise input normalization to handle padding in variable-length sequences (ablation)BN-everywhere Attentive Reader · CNN QA validationvalidation curve minimum: 50.0% -> 47.1%Helped
Make the sequencewise-normalized model bidirectional, reversing only unpadded portions (ablation)BN-e* Attentive Reader · CNN QA validationvalidation curve minimum: 47.1% -> 43.9%Helped
Initialize batch-normalization scale gamma at a small value rather than a higher value (ablation)BN-LSTM · pMNISToptimizationHelped
Initialize batch-normalization scale gamma at a small value rather than a higher value (ablation)BN-LSTM · Penn TreebankoptimizationNo clear effect
Share normalization statistics across timesteps instead of estimating them separately (ablation)BN-LSTM · recurrent sequence tasksperformanceHurt

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