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SimMIM: A Simple Framework for Masked Image Modeling

CVPR 2022 · Architectures and efficiency › Attention and transformers · approach: Token merging and masked pretraining · 1,236 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Use SimMIM pre-training instead of the previous best listed approachViT-B · ImageNet-1Kfine-tuning top-1 accuracy: +0.6%Helped
Use SimMIM pre-training instead of supervised trainingSwinV2-H · ImageNet-1Ktop-1 accuracy: 83.3 -> 87.1Helped
Use random masking with patch size 32 rather than block-wise masking (ablation)Swin-B · ImageNet-1Kfine-tuning top-1 accuracy: 82.7 -> 83.0Helped
Increase mask ratio from 0.4 to 0.8 with random patch size 4, 8, or 16 (ablation)Swin-B SimMIM · ImageNet-1Kfine-tuning top-1 accuracy: +0.2%; +0.4%; +0.4%Helped
Increase random masked patch size from 32 to 64 (ablation)Swin-B SimMIM · ImageNet-1Kfine-tuning top-1 accuracy: 82.8 -> 82.6Hurt
Use a linear prediction head instead of an inverse Swin-T or inverse Swin-B (ablation)Swin-B SimMIM · ImageNet-1Kfine-tuning top-1 accuracy: 82.4 -> 82.8; 82.5 -> 82.8Helped
Use a linear prediction head rather than a 2-layer MLP (ablation)Swin-B SimMIM · ImageNet-1Kfine-tuning top-1 accuracy: 82.8 -> 82.8No clear effect
Reduce target resolution to 6^2 (ablation)Swin-B SimMIM · ImageNet-1Kfine-tuning top-1 accuracy: 82.8 -> 82.3Hurt
Predict the full image, including visible pixels, rather than masked pixels only (ablation)Swin-B SimMIM · ImageNet-1Kfine-tuning top-1 accuracy: 82.8 -> 81.7Hurt
Replace raw-pixel L1 regression with BEiT token classification (ablation)Swin-B SimMIM · ImageNet-1Kfine-tuning top-1 accuracy: 82.8 -> 82.7No clear effect
Replace raw-pixel L1 regression with 8-bin color discretization (ablation)Swin-B SimMIM · ImageNet-1Kfine-tuning top-1 accuracy: 82.8 -> 82.7No clear effect
Replace L1 with L2 or smooth-L1 regression (ablation)Swin-B SimMIM · ImageNet-1Kfine-tuning top-1 accuracy: 82.8 -> 82.7No clear effect

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