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Two-Step Quantization for Low-Bit Neural Networks
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Measured effects reported in the paper
| What was changed | Where | Measured | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| replace HWGQ activation quantization with sparse quantization at 62.5% sparsity (ablation) | AlexNet · ImageNet | Top-1 accuracy: 55.8 -> 59.0 | Helped |
| increase activation sparsity from 50% to 62.5% (ablation) | AlexNet sparse quantization · ImageNet | Top-1 accuracy: 58.5 -> 59.0 | Helped |
| increase activation sparsity further to 75% (ablation) | AlexNet sparse quantization · ImageNet | Top-1 accuracy: 59.0 -> 57.9 | Hurt |
| fine-tune after transformation-function learning with SQ-2 codes (ablation) | AlexNet TFL-SQ-2 · ImageNet | Top-1 accuracy: 55.1 -> 58.0 | Helped |
| initialize transformation-function learning with OTWA rather than random ternary variables (ablation) | AlexNet SQ-2 · ImageNet | Top-1 accuracy: about 28.5% top-1 accuracy with OTWA alone; about 1.3% advantage for asymmetric learning | Helped |
| use asymmetric rather than symmetric transformation-function learning to account for previous-layer quantization error (ablation) | AlexNet SQ-2 · ImageNet | Top-1 accuracy: about 1.3% | Helped |
| use Two-Step Quantization with 2-bit activations and ternary weights rather than HWGQ | AlexNet · ImageNet | Top-1 accuracy: 52.7 -> 58.0 | Helped |
| use Two-Step Quantization with 2-bit activations and ternary weights rather than a full-precision baseline | AlexNet · ImageNet | Top-1 accuracy: 58.5 -> 58.0 | Hurt |
| use Two-Step Quantization rather than the full-precision VGG-16 baseline | VGG-16 · ImageNet | Top-1 accuracy: 71.1 -> 69.1 | Hurt |
| use Two-Step Quantization rather than the full-precision VGG-Small baseline | VGG-Small · CIFAR-10 | error: 6.82 -> 6.51 | Helped |
Closest papers by meaning
- Quantization Networks (CVPR 2019 · similarity 0.89)
- ParetoQ: Improving Scaling Laws in Extremely Low-bit LLM Quantization (NeurIPS 2025 · similarity 0.88)
- SYQ: Learning Symmetric Quantization for Efficient Deep Neural Networks (CVPR 2018 · similarity 0.88)
- Don’t Waste Your Bits! Squeeze Activations and Gradients for Deep Neural Networks via TinyScript (ICML 2020 · similarity 0.88)
- QBB: Quantization with Binary Bases for LLMs (NeurIPS 2024 · similarity 0.88)
- PTMQ: Post-training Multi-Bit Quantization of Neural Networks (AAAI 2024 · similarity 0.87)
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