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Learning Semantic Concepts and Order for Image and Sentence Matching

CVPR 2018 · Vision-language and multimodal › Human and embodied modeling · approach: Neural image captioning · 361 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Use 10 crops rather than 1 to extract global context (ablation)context-only matching · Flickr30k and MSCOCOmR: 48.0 -> 53.8; 63.8 -> 67.9Helped
Use generated caption sentences as image representations (ablation)ctx + sen · Flickr30k and MSCOCOmR: 53.8 -> 42.8; 67.9 -> 64.0Hurt
Add sentence-generation supervision for semantic order learning (ablation)context-only matching · Flickr30k and MSCOCOmR: 53.8 -> 55.3; 67.9 -> 68.9Helped
Add scheduled sampling during generation supervision (ablation)ctx + gen · Flickr30k and MSCOCOmR: 55.3 -> 54.6; 68.9 -> 68.4No clear effect
Share the word embeddings for sentence representation and generation (ablation)ctx + gen · Flickr30k and MSCOCOmR: 55.3 -> 54.3; 68.9 -> 68.7No clear effect
Use semantic concepts rather than context alone (ablation)image-sentence matching · Flickr30k and MSCOCOmR: 53.8 -> 50.8; 67.9 -> 76.8Mixed
Add generation supervision to semantic concepts without global context (ablation)cnp · Flickr30k and MSCOCOmR: 50.8 -> 51.8; 76.8 -> 78.4Helped
Add global context and combine it with concepts by summation (ablation)semantic-concept matching · Flickr30k and MSCOCOmR: 50.8 -> 59.7; 76.8 -> 79.8Helped
Replace summation with gated fusion of concepts and context (ablation)cnp + ctx · Flickr30k and MSCOCOmR: 59.7 -> 61.1; 79.8 -> 80.8Helped
Add generation supervision to gated concept-context matching (ablation)cnp + ctx · Flickr30k and MSCOCOmR: 61.1 -> 62.3; 80.8 -> 81.8Helped
Remove global context from concept-plus-generation matching (ablation)cnp + ctx + gen · Flickr30k and MSCOCOmR: 62.3 -> 51.8; 81.8 -> 78.4Hurt
Remove semantic concepts from context-plus-generation matching (ablation)cnp + ctx + gen · Flickr30k and MSCOCOmR: 62.3 -> 55.3; 81.8 -> 68.9Hurt

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