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Multilingual Transfer Learning for QA using Translation as Data Augmentation

AAAI 2021 · Vision-language and multimodal › CLIP and zero-shot · approach: Language models for zero-shot reasoning · 31 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Translate questions while keeping contexts in EnglishmBERT QA · MLQAG-XLT F1: 51.7 -> 60.9Helped
Translate contexts while keeping questions in EnglishmBERT QA · MLQAXLT F1: 61.7 -> 58.5Hurt
Combine question-only, context-only, and question-plus-context translation datamBERT QA · MLQAXLT F1: 61.7 -> 64.2Hurt
Add language-adversarial training across all languagesmBERT QA · MLQAG-XLT F1: 51.7 -> 61.2Helped
Add language-arbitration answer-agreement and question-similarity objectives across all languagesmBERT QA · MLQAG-XLT F1: 51.7 -> 61.9Helped
Use all translated languages instead of only Chinese for adversarial training (ablation)AT · MLQAG-XLT F1: 56.5 -> 61.2Helped
Use all translated languages instead of only Chinese for language arbitration (ablation)LAF PSA+QS · MLQAG-XLT F1: 56.8 -> 61.9Helped
Add question-similarity loss to PSA with all languages (ablation)LAF · MLQAG-XLT F1: 61.8 -> 61.9Helped
Add question-similarity loss to PSA with one translated language (ablation)LAF · MLQAG-XLT F1: 56.9 -> 56.8Hurt
Apply MLQA-trained question translation to TyDiQA without translating into TyDiQA languagesmBERT QA · TyDiQA GoldPXLT F1: 60.8 -> 60.8No clear effect
Translate questions into TyDiQA languagesmBERT QA · TyDiQA GoldPXLT F1: 60.8 -> 64.3Helped
Add language-adversarial training with TyDiQA-language translationsmBERT QA · TyDiQA GoldPXLT F1: 64.3 -> 65.2Helped

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