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Improving Optimization Bounds Using Machine Learning: Decision Diagrams Meet Deep Reinforcement Learning

AAAI 2019 · Learning theory and algorithms › Combinatorial and search optimization · approach: Decision-focused optimization · 43 citations (OpenAlex)

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Measured effects reported in the paper

What was changedWhereMeasuredEffect
Use a DRL-learned variable ordering instead of RAND, MIN, MPD, or DEGRelaxed DD bounds for MISP · MISP, BA graph distributions tested (ν=2, 4, 8, 16), w=100optimality gapHelped
Use a DRL-learned variable ordering instead of the tested ordering heuristicsRestricted DD bounds for MISP · MISP, BA graph distributions tested (ν=2, 4, 8, 16), w=2optimality gapHelped
Train the ordering model at one DD width and evaluate it at other widths (ablation)DRL ordering for relaxed DDs · MISP, BA graphs (ν=4)optimality gapNo clear effect
Increase relaxed-DD width beyond 1000 (ablation)RL-UB-4 · MISP, BA graphs (ν=4)optimality gapHelped
Increase relaxed-DD width to 10000 (ablation)RL-UB-4 · MISP, BA graphs (ν=4)optimality gapHelped
Evaluate on graphs much larger than those used for training (ablation)DRL ordering for relaxed DDs · MISP, larger BA graphs (ν=4), w=100optimality gapHurt
Evaluate on a graph distribution increasingly different from the training distribution (ablation)DRL ordering for MISP · MISP, BA graphs with different νrelative gap to the model trained on the tested distributionHurt
Use a model trained for restricted DDs to order relaxed DDs, or vice versa (ablation)DRL ordering for MISP · MISP, BA graphs (ν=4)optimality gapHurt
Use a DRL-learned variable ordering instead of RAND or MAX-WEIGHTRelaxed and restricted DD bounds for MCP · MCP, BA graphs (ν=4), relaxed w=100 and restricted w=2optimality gapHelped
Use the LP relaxation rather than the DRL-ordered relaxed DDMISP · Relatively sparse BA graphsupper-bound optimality gapHurt

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